#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "ai.h"
#include "attack.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "flag.h"
#include "god.h"
#include "io.h"
#include "lf.h"
#include "map.h"
#include "move.h"
#include "nexus.h"
#include "objects.h"
#include "spell.h"
#include "text.h"

extern lifeform_t *player;

extern lifeform_t *godlf[];

extern prompt_t prompt;

extern int needredraw;
extern int statdirty;

extern enum ERROR reason;

int applyarmourdamage(lifeform_t *lf, object_t *wep, int dam, enum DAMTYPE damtype, lifeform_t *attacker) {
	object_t *armour = NULL;
	int damtaken = 0;

	// first of all, only apply some of the damage
	dam /= 2;
	if (dam == 0) {
		return 0;
	}

	// special case - missiles always hit flak jacket
	if (damtype == DT_PROJECTILE) {
		object_t *o;
		o = hasequippedobid(lf->pack, OT_FLAKJACKET);
		if (o) {
			armour = o;
		}
	}

	// if attacker is directly behind us, tortoiseshell is what was hit.
	/*
	if (attacker) {
		if (getcellindir(lf->cell, diropposite(lf->facing)) == attacker->cell) {
			object_t *o;
			o = hasequippedob(lf->pack, OT_TORTOISESHELL);
			if (o) {
				armour = o;
			}
		}
	}
	*/

	// figure out what bit of armour was hit
	if (!armour) {
		// pick a random piece of armour
		armour = getrandomarmour(lf, attacker);
	}

	if (armour) {
		int actualdam;
		//int ar = 0;
		flag_t *rust;
                /*
		f = hasflag(armour->flags, F_ARMOURRATING);
		if (f) {
			ar = f->val[0];
		}
                */

		rust = hasflag(armour->flags, F_RUSTED);

		actualdam = dam;

		/*
		// adjust how much damage to do to armour
		if ( ((armour->type->id == OT_FLAKJACKET) && (damtype == DT_PROJECTILE)) ||
		     (damtype == DT_ACID) ||
		     rust ) {
			// ALL of damage reduction goes towards armour
		} else {
			// SOME of the damage reduction goes towards the armour
			// damage taken by armour is reduced by _UP TO_ half its armour rating
			if (ar) {
				int maxreduction;
				maxreduction = ar/2;
				if (maxreduction >= 1) {
					actualdam -= rnd(0,maxreduction);
					limit(&actualdam, 0, NA);
				}
			}
		}
		*/

		// modify for rust
		if (rust) {
			int multiplier = 1;
			switch (rust->val[0]) {
				case R_RUSTY:
					multiplier = 2;
				case R_VRUSTY:
					multiplier = 3;
				case R_TRUSTY:
					multiplier = 4;
			}
			actualdam *= multiplier;
		}

		if (actualdam > 0) {
			// actually apply the damage to the armour
			damtaken = takedamage(armour,actualdam, damtype,attacker);
		}
	}
	return damtaken;
}

void applyarmourdamreduction(lifeform_t *lf, object_t *wep, int reduceamt, int *dam, enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	int db = B_FALSE;
	int newdam = 0;


	// figure out reduced damage value
	if (dam) {
		int ar;
		newdam = *dam;
		ar = getarmourrating(lf, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

		// if you did at least one damage...
		if ((*dam >= 1) && (reduceamt >= 0)) {
			int lowerlimit = 0,divideby;

			// reduce it.
			newdam -= reduceamt;

			// you will always take at least 1 hp of damage for every (ar/2) damage.
			// ie.  if you took ar/2 damage, you take at least 1.
			// ie.  if you took ar damage,   you take at least 2.
			// ie.  if you took ar*2 damage, you take at least 3.
			// stop at 3.
			divideby = ar/2;
			if (divideby <= 0) divideby = 1;
			lowerlimit = (*dam / divideby);


			limit(&lowerlimit, 1, NA);
			limit(&newdam, lowerlimit, NA); // don't reduce too far.
		}

		if (db) {
			if ((*dam >= 1) && (reduceamt > 0)) {
				dblog("Armour reduces dam=%d by %d to %d.",*dam,reduceamt,newdam);
			} else {
				dblog("No armour dam reduction.");
			}
		}

		*dam = newdam;
	}
}


int attackcell(lifeform_t *lf, cell_t *c, int force) {
	int validwep[MAXCANDIDATES];
	object_t *wep[MAXCANDIDATES];
	flag_t *damflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
	obpile_t *op = NULL;
	enum {
		AT_NONE = 0,
		AT_LF = 1,
		AT_OB = 2,
		AT_WALL = 3,
	} attacktype = AT_NONE;
	void *attacktarget;
	int attacklfid = -1;
	int nweps = 0;
	int i;
	int attacktime;
	int gotweapon = B_FALSE;
	int maxattacks = ALL;
	int attacksdone = 0;
	int lastweaponidx = -1;
	int saysorry = B_FALSE;
	int attackedhelpless = B_FALSE;
	int attackedfriend = B_FALSE;
	int attackedpeaceful = B_FALSE;
	enum SKILLLEVEL slev;
	int dostamloss = B_TRUE;

	// warn if attacking will cause injury
	if (!force && isplayer(lf) && haslos(lf, c)) {
		if (!confirm_injury_action(BP_HANDS, DT_SLASH, "attack")) {
			return B_TRUE;
		}
	}

	stoprunning(lf);
	stoppathfinding(lf);

	// anyone there? if so just attack.
	if (c->lf) {
		// warnings
		if (!force && isplayer(lf)) {
			int h,m,s;
			splittime(&h,&m,&s);
			char warnbuf[BUFLEN];
			char ch;
			char victimname[BUFLEN];
			getlfname(c->lf, victimname);
			strcpy(warnbuf, "");

			if (godprayedto(R_GODLIFE) && (h == 6) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_STRIKETOKO)) {
				if (!warnabout("Really attack during Glorana's Peace?")) {
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			}

			if (isprone(lf)) {
				if (!warnabout("Really attack while prone (-4 accuracy)?")) {
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			}

			if (!areenemies(lf,c->lf) && (getraceclass(c->lf) != RC_PLANT) &&
				cansee(lf, c->lf) &&
				 !lfhasflag(lf, F_RAGE)
				) {
				switch (getallegiance(c->lf)) {
					case AL_PEACEFUL:
						if ((int)getlorelevel(lf, (int)getraceclass(c->lf) >= PR_NOVICE) ||
						    getskill(lf, SK_SPEECH)) { // need this to KNOW whether they're peaceful
							snprintf(warnbuf, BUFLEN, "Really attack the peaceful %s?",noprefix(victimname));
						}
						break;
					case AL_FRIENDLY:
						snprintf(warnbuf, BUFLEN, "Really attack the allied %s?",noprefix(victimname));
						break;
					default:
						snprintf(warnbuf, BUFLEN, "Really attack the allied %s?",noprefix(victimname));
						break;
				}

				if (strlen(warnbuf)) {
					ch = askchar(warnbuf, "yn","n", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
					if (ch == 'n') {
						// cancel.
						return B_TRUE;
					}
				}
				attackedpeaceful = B_TRUE;
				// non-evil players get no xp for attacking peaceful lfs
				if ((isplayer(lf) || areallies(player, lf)) && (getalignment(player) != AL_EVIL)) {
					killflagsofid(c->lf->flags, F_XPVAL);
					addflag(c->lf->flags, F_XPVAL, 0, NA, NA, NULL);
					real_warnabout(TEXT_WARN_NOXP_GOODVSPEACEFUL, PERMENANT, B_FALSE);
				}
			} else if ((c->lf->race->raceclass->id == RC_PLANT) &&
			    (c->map->region->rtype->id == BH_WOODS)) {
				int willwarn = B_FALSE;

				if (lfhasflag(lf, F_SYLVANWARN)) {
					willwarn = B_TRUE;
				} else if (getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_WIS), A_WIS, NULL) >= AT_GTAVERAGE) {
					willwarn = B_TRUE;
				}
				if (willwarn) {
					snprintf(warnbuf, BUFLEN, "Really attack %s while in the Sylvan Woods?",victimname);
					ch = askchar(warnbuf, "yn","n", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
					if (ch == 'n') {
						// cancel.
						return B_TRUE;
					}
				}
			}
			// average wisdom will prevent you from annoying your god
			if (getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_WIS), A_WIS, NULL) >= AT_AVERAGE) {
				enum HELPLESSTYPE how;
				if (ishelplessvictim(c->lf, lf, &how)) {
					int dowarning = B_FALSE;
					if (godprayedto(R_GODPURITY) && (getalignment(c->lf) != AL_EVIL)) {
						dowarning = B_TRUE;
					} else if (godprayedto(R_GODMERCY)) {
						dowarning = B_TRUE;
					}
					if (dowarning) {
						char victimname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
						getlfname(c->lf, victimname);
						snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Really attack the %s %s?",
							(how == HL_FLEEING) ? "fleeing" : "helpless",
								noprefix(victimname));
						if (!warnabout(buf)) {
							return B_TRUE;
						}
					}
				}
				if ((getraceclass(c->lf) == RC_PLANT) && godprayedto(R_GODNATURE)) {
					char victimname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
					getlfname(c->lf, victimname);
					snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Really attack %s?",victimname);
					if (!warnabout(buf)) {
						return B_TRUE;
					}
				}
			}
			// above average wisdom will prevent you from starting fires, or rusting your weapon
			if (getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_WIS), A_WIS, NULL) >= AT_GTAVERAGE) {
				if (hasflag(c->type->material->flags, F_FLAMMABLE)) {
					if (getlorelevel(player, c->lf->race->raceclass->id) >= PR_BEGINNER) {
						if (c->lf->race->id == R_FIREBUG) {
							char victimname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
							getlfname(c->lf, victimname);
							snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Attacking %s might start a fire - proceed anyway?",victimname);
							if (!warnabout(buf)) {
								return B_TRUE;
							}
						}
					}
				}
				if (c->lf->material->id == MT_WATER) {
					object_t *priwep;
					priwep = getweapon(lf);
					if (priwep && willrust(priwep)) {
						char victimname[BUFLEN],wepname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
						getlfname(c->lf, victimname);
						real_getobname(priwep, wepname, priwep->amt, B_NOPREMODS,
								B_NOCONDITION, B_BLINDADJUST,
								B_NOBLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
						snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Attacking %s might rust your %s - proceed anyway?",victimname, noprefix(wepname));
						if (!warnabout(buf)) {
							return B_TRUE;
						}
					}
				}
			}

			if (lfhasflag(lf, F_HASNEWLEVEL)) {
				if (!warnabout(TEXT_WARN_ATTACK_NOXP)) {
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			}

			// player walked into someone who was feigning death?
			if (lfhasflag(c->lf, F_FEIGNINGDEATH)) {
				char vicname[BUFLEN];
				killflagsofid(c->lf->flags, F_FEIGNINGDEATH);
				getlfname(c->lf, vicname);
				capitalise(vicname);
				if (cansee(lf, c->lf)) {
					msg("Hey! %s was just feigning death!", vicname);
				} else {
					msg("You bump into someone!");
				}
				killflagsofid(c->lf->flags, F_PRONE);
				// still counts as a move!
				addflagifneeded(lf->flags, F_TOOKACTION, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
				taketime(lf, getmovespeed(lf));
				return B_FALSE;
			}
		}

		attacktype = AT_LF;
		attacktarget = c->lf;
		attacklfid = c->lf->id; // remember for later

		if (areallies(lf, attacktarget)) attackedfriend = B_TRUE;
		attackedhelpless = ishelplessvictim(attacktarget, lf, NULL);
	} else {
		object_t *o;
		// has an impassable object?
		o = hasobwithflag(c->obpile, F_IMPASSABLE);
		if (o) {
			object_t *priwep;
			attacktype = AT_OB;
			attacktarget = o;

			priwep = getweapon(lf);

			// confirm ?
			if (!force && isplayer(lf)) {
				if (wepdullable(priwep) &&
					(getattrbracket(getattr(player, A_IQ), A_IQ, NULL) >= AT_GTAVERAGE) &&
					!lfhasflag(lf, F_RAGE)) {
					if (!hasflagknown(priwep->flags, F_IMMUTABLE)) {
						char obname[BUFLEN],wepname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
						char ch;
						real_getobname(o, obname, o->amt, B_NOPREMODS, B_NOCONDITION, B_BLINDADJUST, B_NOBLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
						getobname(priwep, wepname, priwep->amt);
						snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Attacking %s might damage your %s. Proceed?", obname, noprefix(wepname));
						ch = askchar(buf, "yn","n", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
						if (ch == 'n') {
							// cancel.
							return B_TRUE;
						}
					}
				} else if ((o->type->obclass->id == OC_FLORA) &&
				    	(c->map->region->rtype->id == BH_WOODS)) {
					int willwarn = B_FALSE;
					char obname[BUFLEN];
					real_getobname(o, obname, o->amt, B_NOPREMODS, B_NOCONDITION,
						B_BLINDADJUST, B_NOBLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);

					if (lfhasflag(lf, F_SYLVANWARN)) {
						willwarn = B_TRUE;
					} else if (getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_WIS), A_WIS, NULL) >= AT_GTAVERAGE) {
						willwarn = B_TRUE;
					}
					if (willwarn) {
						char ch;
						char buf[BUFLEN];
						snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Really attack %s while in the Sylvan Woods?",obname);
						ch = askchar(buf, "yn","n", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
						if (ch == 'n') {
							// cancel.
							return B_TRUE;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} else { // no impassable objects here
			object_t *poss[MAXPILEOBS];
			int nposs = 0;
			for (o = c->obpile->first ; o ; o = o->next) {
				if (hasflag(o->flags, F_ATTACKABLE)) {
					poss[nposs++] = o;
				}
			}
			if (nposs == 1) {
				attacktype = AT_OB;
				attacktarget = poss[0];
			} else if (nposs) {
				o = NULL;
				if (isplayer(lf) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_HURRICANESTRIKE)) {
					// ask which one to attack
					char ch = 'a';
					initprompt(&prompt, "What will you attack?");
					for (i = 0; i < nposs; i++) {
						char obname[BUFLEN];
						getobname(poss[i], obname, poss[i]->amt);
						addchoice(&prompt, ch, obname, obname, o, NULL);
						if (ch == 'z') ch = 'A';
							else ch++;
					}
					addchoice(&prompt, '-', "(nothing)", "(nothing)", NULL, NULL);
					prompt.maycancel = B_TRUE;

					ch = getchoice(&prompt);
					if (ch != '\0') o = (object_t *)prompt.result;
				} else {
					// pick one randomly
					o = poss[rnd(0,nposs-1)];
				}

				if (o) {
					attacktype = AT_OB;
					attacktarget = o;
				} else {
					if (isplayer(lf)) msg("Cancelled.");
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			} else { // no objects here to attack
				if (!lfhasflag(lf, F_HURRICANESTRIKE)) {
					if (c->type->solid) {
						// attacking a wall
						attacktype = AT_WALL;
						attacktarget = c;

						if ((c->type->id == CT_WALLTREE) &&
							(c->map->region->rtype->id == BH_WOODS)) {
							int willwarn = B_FALSE;

							if (lfhasflag(lf, F_SYLVANWARN)) {
								willwarn = B_TRUE;
							} else if (getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_WIS), A_WIS, NULL) >= AT_GTAVERAGE) {
								willwarn = B_TRUE;
							}
							if (willwarn) {
								char ch;
								char buf[BUFLEN];
								snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "Really attack %s while in the Sylvan Woods?",c->type->name);
								ch = askchar(buf, "yn","n", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
								if (ch == 'n') {
									// cancel.
									return B_TRUE;
								}
							}
						}
					} else {
						if (isplayer(lf)) {
							msg("There is nothing there to attack!");
						}
						return B_TRUE;
					}
				} // end if !hurricanestrike
			}
		}
	}

	// can you actually attack?
	if (!canattack(lf)) {
		if (isplayer(lf)) {
			switch (reason) {
				//case E_NOSTAM: msg("You are too tired to fight at the moment."); break;
				case E_STUNNED: msg("You are too stunned to fight at the moment."); break;
				case E_IMPOSSIBLE: msg("You have no way of attacking!"); break;
				default: msg("For some reason, you cannot attack."); break;
			}
		}
		return B_TRUE;
	}

	// ai code...
	if (lfhasflag(lf, F_DEMANDSBRIBE)) {
		if (!isplayer(lf) && (attacktype == AT_LF) && isplayer((lifeform_t *)attacktarget)) {
			if (demandbribe(lf)) {
				// ie. player paid.
				taketime(lf, getactspeed(lf));
				return B_FALSE;
			}
		}
	}

	// monsters won't attack with non-melee weapons like bows
	gotweapon = getweapons(lf, isplayer(lf) ? B_FALSE : B_MELEEONLY, wep, damflag, &lastweaponidx, &op, &nweps);
	for (i = 0; i < nweps; i++) {
		validwep[i] = B_TRUE;
	}

	attacktime = getattackspeed(lf);

	if (nweps <= 0) {
		if (isplayer(lf)) {
			msg("You cannot attack!");
		} else if (lfhasflag(lf, F_DEBUG)) {
			msg("DB: %s cannot attack!",lf->race->name);
		}
		if (op) killobpile(op);
		if (!isplayer(lf)) {
			// avoid infinite loops
			taketime(lf, getactspeed(lf));
		}
		return B_TRUE;
	}

	//maxattacks = nweps; // ie. all

	maxattacks = getattacks(lf, NULL, NULL);
	// cope with special monsters with NO innate attacks, but
	// which still use weapons (eg. dancing weapon).
	limit(&maxattacks, 1, NA);


	/*
	// if we have a weapon, this takes the place of one of our
	// attacks.
	// - for monsters, pick which one to replace randomly.
	// - for players, never pick the weapon to replace randomly.
	*/


	// # valid attacks higher than our allowed attacks?
	if (nweps > maxattacks) {
		int nvalid;
		int first;

		// player never invalidates their equipped weapons
		//if (isplayer(lf) && gotweapon) {
		if (gotweapon) {
			first = lastweaponidx+1;
		} else {
			first = 0;
		}

		nvalid = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < nweps; i++) {
			if (validwep[i]) nvalid++;
		}

		while (nvalid > maxattacks) {
			int sel;
			// mark a random one as invalid
			sel = rnd(first,nweps-1);
			while (!validwep[sel]) {
				sel = rnd(first,nweps-1);
			}
			validwep[sel] = B_FALSE;

			// re-count...
			nvalid = 0;
			for (i = 0; i < nweps; i++) {
				if (validwep[i]) nvalid++;
			}
		}
	}

	// lore about this race will tell you if you will do no damage.
	if ((attacktype == AT_LF) && isplayer(lf) && wep[0]) {
		lifeform_t *victim;
		victim = (lifeform_t *)attacktarget;
		if (getlorelevel(player, victim->race->raceclass->id) >= PR_BEGINNER) {
			enum DAMTYPE dt;
			char buf[BUFLEN],victimname[BUFLEN];
			getlfname(victim, victimname);
			dt = getdamtype(wep[0]);
			if (isimmuneto(victim->flags, dt, B_FALSE)) {
				snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s is immune to %s damage. Really attack?",victimname,
					getdamname(dt));
				if (!warnabout(buf)) {
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			} else if (isresistantto(victim->flags, dt, B_FALSE)) {
				snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s is resistant to %s damage. Really attack?",victimname,
					getdamname(dt));
				if (!warnabout(buf)) {
					return B_TRUE;
				}
			}
		}
	}



	if (maxattacks) {
		addflagifneeded(lf->flags, F_TOOKACTION, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
		if (!lfhasflag(lf, F_COMBOSTRIKE)) {
			taketime(lf, attacktime);
		}

	}

	attacksdone = 0;
	while (attacksdone < maxattacks) {
		for (i = 0; (i < nweps) && (attacksdone < maxattacks); i++) {
			if (validwep[i]) {
				if (attacktype == AT_LF) {
					if (!isdead((lifeform_t *)attacktarget)) {
						lifeform_t *victim;
						flag_t *fleeflag;
						victim = (lifeform_t *)attacktarget;
						fleeflag = isfleeingfrom(victim, lf);

						if (i == 0) {

							// did we just attack someone by accident?
							if (!isplayer(lf) && !areenemies(lf, victim) && (lf->race->raceclass->id == RC_HUMANOID) &&
								(getattrbracket(getattr(lf, A_IQ), A_IQ, NULL) >= A_LOW) )  {
								if (lf != victim) {
									saysorry = B_TRUE;
								}
							}

							// announce attacks from behind which aren't backstabs.
							if (isplayer(lf) && attackedhelpless && !willbackstab(lf, victim, wep[i])) {
								char vname[BUFLEN];
								getlfname(victim, vname);
								if (isbehind(lf, victim)) {
									msg("You attack %s from behind!", vname);
								}
							}
						}


						if (attacklf(lf, victim, wep[i], damflag[i])) {
							// failed, or victim died/dodged
							attacksdone = maxattacks;
							break;
						}
						// no longer adjacent?
						if (!isadjacent(lf->cell, victim->cell) || isdead(victim)) {
							break;
						}
						// vicitm started to flee?
						if (isplayer(lf)) {
							if (!fleeflag && isfleeingfrom(victim, lf)) {
								if ( (i+1 < nweps) && (attacksdone+1 < maxattacks)) {
									char ch,ques[BUFLEN];
									char vname[BUFLEN];
									getlfname(victim, vname);
									sprintf(ques, "Continue attacking the fleeing %s?",
										noprefix(vname));

									ch = askchar(ques, "yn","y", B_TRUE, B_FALSE);
									if (ch == 'n') {
										break;
									}
								}
							}
						}
					}
				} else if (attacktype == AT_OB) {
					if (attackob(lf, (object_t *)attacktarget, wep[i], damflag[i])) {
						// failed
						attacksdone = maxattacks;
						break;
					}
				} else if (attacktype == AT_WALL) {
					if (attackwall(lf, (cell_t *)attacktarget, wep[i], damflag[i])) {
						// failed
						attacksdone = maxattacks;
						break;
					}
				}
				attacksdone++;

				// stop attacking if they somehow got out of range
				// (eg. dodging)
				if (attacktype == AT_LF) {
					if (getcelldist(lf->cell, ((lifeform_t *)attacktarget)->cell) > 1) {
						attacksdone = maxattacks;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// now kill all temp obs
	if (op) {
		killobpile(op);
	}

	if (attacktype == AT_LF) {
		// in case the lf disappered....
		attacktarget = findlf(lf->cell->map, attacklfid);
	}

	// now stop hiding
	killflagsofid(lf->flags, F_HIDING);

	if (saysorry && attacktarget) {
		sayphrase(lf, SP_SORRY, -1, NA, NULL, attacktarget);
	}

	if (hasbleedinginjury(lf, BP_HANDS)) {
		if (!bleedfrom(lf, BP_HANDS, B_FALSE)) {
			if (isplayer(lf)) msg("^BYou bleed!");
			losehp(lf, 1, DT_DIRECT, NULL, "blood loss");
		}
	}

	// god or map effects...
	if (isplayer(lf) && attacktarget) {
		int angered = B_FALSE;
                (void) angered;
		if (attacktype == AT_LF) {
			if (!isgod(attacktarget)) {
				int h,m,s;
				splittime(&h,&m,&s);
				if (attackedfriend) {
					if (angergodmaybe(R_GODMERCY, 25, GA_ATTACKALLY)) angered = B_TRUE;
					if (angergodmaybe(R_GODPURITY, 100, GA_ATTACKALLY)) angered = B_TRUE;
					switch (getalignment(attacktarget)) {
						case AL_GOOD:
							if (angergodmaybe(R_GODPURITY, 20, GA_ATTACKALLY)) angered = B_TRUE;
							break;
						default:
							break;
					}
				} else if (attackedpeaceful) {
					if (getraceclass(attacktarget) == RC_ANIMAL) {
						// attacking helpless animals is fine
					} else {
						if (angergodmaybe(R_GODMERCY, 15, GA_ASSAULT)) angered = B_TRUE;
						if (angergodmaybe(R_GODLIFE, 15, GA_ASSAULT)) angered = B_TRUE;
						if (getalignment(attacktarget) == AL_GOOD ) {
							if (angergodmaybe(R_GODPURITY, 70, GA_ASSAULT)) angered = B_TRUE; // even more
						} else {
							if (angergodmaybe(R_GODPURITY, 50, GA_ASSAULT)) angered = B_TRUE;
						}
					}
				} else if (attackedhelpless && isplayer(lf)) {
					if (getraceclass(attacktarget) == RC_ANIMAL) {
						// attacking helpless animals is fine
					} else {
						if (angergodmaybe(R_GODMERCY, 15, GA_ATTACKHELPLESS)) angered = B_TRUE;
					}
					if (getalignment(attacktarget) != AL_EVIL) {
						if (angergodmaybe(R_GODPURITY, 50, GA_ATTACKHELPLESS)) angered = B_TRUE;
						pleasegodmaybe(R_GODTHIEVES, 5);
						pleasegodmaybe(R_GODDEATH, 10);
					}
				}
				if ( ((lifeform_t *)attacktarget)->race->raceclass->id == RC_PLANT) {
					lifeform_t *ll;
					ll = (lifeform_t *)attacktarget;
					if (angergodmaybe(R_GODNATURE, 25, GA_ATTACKOBJECT)) angered = B_TRUE;

					if ((ll->race->raceclass->id == RC_PLANT) &&
					    !isdeaf(ll) &&
					    (lf->cell->map->region->rtype->id == BH_WOODS)) {
						magicwoods_warn(lf);
					}

				}
				if (lfhasflag(lf, F_USEDPOISON)) {
					killflagsofid(lf->flags, F_USEDPOISON);
					if (isplayer(lf)) god_usepoison_response();
				}
				if (godprayedto(R_GODLIFE) && (h == 6) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_STRIKETOKO)) {
					if (angergodmaybe(R_GODLIFE, 30, GA_PEACEHOUR)) angered = B_TRUE;
				}
			}
		} else if (attacktype == AT_OB) {
			object_t *oo;
			if (angergodmaybe(R_GODNATURE, 10, GA_ATTACKOBJECT)) angered = B_TRUE;

			oo = (object_t *)attacktarget;
			if (oo && !hasflag(oo->flags, F_DEAD) && (oo->type->obclass->id == OC_FLORA)) {
				if (lf->cell->map->region->rtype->id == BH_WOODS) {
					magicwoods_warn(lf);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	dostamloss = B_TRUE; // default

	slev = getskill(lf, SK_COMBAT);
	if (slev == PR_MASTER) {
		dostamloss = B_FALSE;
	} else if (lfhasflagval(lf, F_LASTATTACKHIT, B_FALSE, NA, NA, NULL) &&
		   (getskill(lf, SK_ATHLETICS) >= PR_BEGINNER)) {
		// missed, and we have balance via athletics skill
		dostamloss = B_FALSE;
	} else if (pctchance(slev * 10)) {
		dostamloss = B_FALSE;
	}
	if (dostamloss) {
		object_t *priwep;
                float loss;
		priwep = getweapon(lf);
		loss = getattackstamlosslf(lf, priwep);
                // lose a bit of stamina
                modstamina(lf, -loss);
	}

	// stop sprinting
	stopsprinting(lf);

	return B_FALSE;
}

int attacklf(lifeform_t *lf, lifeform_t *victim, object_t *wep, flag_t *damflag) {
	int dam[MAX_HITS];
	enum DAMTYPE damtype[MAX_HITS];
	int ndam = 0;
	char buf[BUFLEN];
	char attackername[BUFLEN];
	char victimname[BUFLEN],victimbpname[BUFLEN];
	int fatal = B_FALSE;
	int waskod = B_FALSE;
	int feigneddeath = B_FALSE;
	int deflected = B_FALSE;
	int weppassthrough = B_FALSE;
	int firstisbackstab = B_FALSE;
	int blocked = B_FALSE,dodged = B_FALSE;
	flag_t *magicarm = NULL;
	int hit = B_FALSE;
	int critical = 0;
	int fumble = B_FALSE;
	char wepname[BUFLEN];
	//int acc;
	//int ev;
	int i;
	int willheal = B_FALSE;
	int isunarmed = B_FALSE;
	skill_t *wepsk = NULL;
	flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
	int nretflags = 0;
	int aidb = B_FALSE;
	flag_t *f;
	enum BODYPART critpos = BP_NONE;
	int missby = 0;

	// init
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_HITS; i++) {
		dam[i] = 0;
		damtype[i] = DT_NONE;
	}

	if (wep) {
		wepsk = getobskill(wep->flags);
	}

	if (lfhasflag(lf, F_DEBUG)) {
		aidb = B_TRUE;
	}

	if (hasflag(wep->flags, F_UNARMEDWEP)) {
		isunarmed = B_TRUE;
	}

	moveeffects(lf, B_FALSE);

	if (isdead(lf)) {
		return B_TRUE;
	}

	// if you have somehow attacked someone who was
	// hiding (bump into them?) then you have now
	// spotted them.
	if (ishidingfrom(victim, lf)) {
		spot_hiding_lf(lf, victim);
	}

	// get names
	getlfname(lf, attackername);

	if (lf == victim) {
		if (isplayer(lf)) {
			strcpy(victimname, "yourself");
		} else {
			strcpy(victimname, "itself");
		}
	} else {
		getlfname(victim, victimname);
	}


	if (aidb) dblog(".oO { trying to attack %s }", victimname);

	getobname(wep, wepname, 1);

	if (aidb) dblog(".oO { my weapon is %s }", wepname);

	if (lf->race->raceclass->id == RC_INSECT) {
		if (hasactivespell(victim, OT_S_REPELINSECTS)) {
			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				msg("^wSomething prevents you from attacking %s!", victimname);
			} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
				msg("^wSomething prevents %s from attacking %s!", attackername, victimname);
			}
			//taketime(lf, getattackspeed(lf));
			return B_FALSE;
		}
	}

	getflags(lf->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_PROTALIGN, F_NONE);
	for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
		f = retflag[i];
		if (f->val[1] == getalignment(lf)) {
			int lftr,victr;
			int protected = B_FALSE;
			lftr = gettr(lf);
			victr = gettr(victim);
			if (lftr > victr) {
				protected = B_TRUE;
			} else {
				// same level = 50% chance of protection.
				// for each level that victim is higher, -10%.
				if (pctchance(50 - (victr - lftr))) protected = B_TRUE;
			}

			if (protected) {
				if (isplayer(lf)) {
					msg("^wA %s force prevents you from attacking %s!",
						(f->val[1] == AL_GOOD) ? "demonic" : "holy",
						 victimname);
				} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
					msg("^wA %s force prevents %s from attacking %s!",
						(f->val[1] == AL_GOOD) ? "demonic" : "holy",
						attackername, victimname);
				}
				if (f->val[0] != PERMENANT) {
					f->val[0]--;
					if (f->val[0] <= 0) {
						killflag(f);
					}
				}
				return B_FALSE;
			}
		}
	}

	if (wep && lfhasflagval(victim, F_ASLEEP, NA, ST_KO, NA, NULL)) {
		f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_MERCIFUL);
		if (f) {
			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				msg("^wYour %s refuses to attack %s!", noprefix(wepname), victimname);
				if (!f->known) f->known = B_TRUE;
			} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
				msg("^w%s%s %s refuses to attack %s!", attackername, getpossessive(attackername),
					noprefix(wepname), victimname);
				if (!f->known) f->known = B_TRUE;
			}
			//taketime(lf, getattackspeed(lf));
			return B_FALSE;
		}
	}


	getflags(lf->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_NONCORPOREAL, F_NONE);
	for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
		f = retflag[i];
		// ie. you have been made noncorporeal
		if ((f->id == F_NONCORPOREAL) && (f->lifetime != FROMRACE)) {
			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				msg("^wYour attack passes straight through %s.", victimname);
			} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
				msg("^w%s%s attack passes straight through %s!", attackername, getpossessive(attackername), victimname);
			}
			//taketime(lf, getattackspeed(lf));
			return B_FALSE;
		}
	}


	// long weapon in an enclosed space?
	if (wep && hasflag(wep->flags, F_NEEDSSPACE) && (getdamtype(wep) != DT_PIERCE)) {
		if (countcellexits(lf->cell, DT_COMPASS) < 3) {
			if (pctchance(75)) {
				if (isplayer(lf)) {
					msg("^wYour %s glances off a nearby wall.", noprefix(wepname));
				} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
					msg("^w%s%s %s glances off a nearby wall.", attackername, getpossessive(attackername), noprefix(wepname));
				}
				//taketime(lf, getattackspeed(lf));
				return B_FALSE;
			}
		}
	}


	// did you hit?
	ndam = 0;

	hit = rolltohit(lf, victim, wep, &critical, &fumble, &missby);
	if (lfhasflag(victim, F_HEAVENARM)) {
		critical = B_FALSE;
	} else if (isexhausted(lf)) {
		critical = B_FALSE;
	}

	if (critical && !lfhasflag(lf, F_PHANTASM)) {
		object_t *armour;
		char noun[BUFLEN];

		if (lfhasflag(victim, F_CANSEVER) && wep && (getdamtype(wep) == DT_SLASH)) {
			flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES],*poss[MAXCANDIDATES],*f;
			int nretflags = 0,nposs = 0;
			// select a random sever-able body part
			getflags(victim->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_CANSEVER, F_NONE);
			for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
				if (hasbp(victim, retflag[i]->val[0])) {
					poss[nposs++] = retflag[i];
				}
			}
			f = poss[rnd(0,nposs-1)];
			critpos = f->val[0];
		} else {
			critpos = getrandomcorebp(victim, lf);
		}
		if ((int)critpos == BP_NONE) {
			strcpy(victimbpname, victimname);
		} else {
			armour = getouterequippedob(victim, critpos);
			if (armour) {
				char armname[BUFLEN];
				real_getobname(armour, armname, 1, B_NOPREMODS, B_NOCONDITION, B_BLINDADJUST, B_NOBLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
				sprintf(noun, "%s", noprefix(armname));
			} else {
				sprintf(noun, "%s", getbodypartname(victim, critpos));
			}
			// replace victicname to include body part
			if ((lf == victim) && !isplayer(lf)) {
				snprintf(victimbpname, BUFLEN, "its %s", noun);
			} else {
				getlfname(victim, buf);
				snprintf(victimbpname, BUFLEN, "%s%s %s", buf, getpossessive(buf), noun);
			}
		}
	} else {
		strcpy(victimbpname, "");
	}

	if (lf == victim) {
		if (isplayer(lf)) {
			strcpy(victimname, "yourself");
		} else {
			strcpy(victimname, "itself");
		}
	} else {
		getlfname(victim, victimname);
	}

	// weapon passing through ghosts etc?
	if (hit) {
		if (lfhasflag(victim, F_NONCORPOREAL) &&
			!lfhasflag(lf, F_NONCORPOREAL) ) {
			// using a magical or blessed weapon? if so you're ok.
			if (wep && (ismagical(wep) || isblessed(wep) || (wep->material->id == MT_SILVER)) ) {
			} else {
				weppassthrough = B_TRUE;
				hit = B_FALSE;
				ndam = 0;
			}
		}
	}

	// deflection?
	if (hit) {
		object_t *dwep;
		dwep = isdualweilding(victim);
		if (dwep && (getskill(victim, SK_TWOWEAPON) >= PR_MASTER)) {
			if (onein(4)) {
				deflected = B_TRUE;
				hit = B_FALSE;
			}
		}
	}

	if (hit) {
		if (aidb) dblog(".oO { i hit! }");

		if (!cansee(victim, lf)) {
			addflag(lf->flags, F_UNSEENATTACKER, victim->id, NA, NA, NULL);
			if (isplayer(victim) && !isplayer(lf)) needredraw = B_TRUE;
		}

		// special case
		if (isplayer(lf) && (victim->race->id == R_GLOWBUG)) {
			if ((wep->type->id == OT_EMPTYFLASK) || (wep->type->id == OT_EMPTYVIAL)) {
				object_t *o;
				// catch the glowbug!
				msg("You catch %s in your %s.", victimname, noprefix(wepname));
				removeob(wep, 1);
				killlf(victim); // don't leave a corpse
				o = addob(lf->pack, "glowing flask");
				if (o) {
					getobname(o, buf, o->amt);
					msgnocap("%c - %s.",o->letter, buf);
				} else {
					// add to the ground
					o = addob(lf->cell->obpile, "glowing flask");
					if (o) {
						getobname(o, buf, o->amt);
						msg("%s drops to the ground.", buf);
					}
				}
				// stop all further attacks
				return B_TRUE;
			}
		}


		// determine base damage

		// determine damage
		dam[0] = getdamroll(wep, victim, damflag);
		if (isunarmed) {
			object_t *gloves;
			gloves = getouterequippedob(lf, BP_HANDS);
			if (gloves && hasflag(gloves->flags, F_HARDNESS)) {
				dam[0]++;
			}
		}
		if (critical) {
			// critical hit means an extra damage roll.
			dam[0] += getdamroll(wep, victim, damflag);
		}
		if (aidb) dblog("rolled dam[%d] = %d",0,dam[0]);

		// half damage if exhausted
		if (isexhausted(lf)) {
			dam[0] = pctof(75, dam[0]);
		}

		if (dam[0] < 0) {
			willheal = B_TRUE;
		}

		// damtype?
		damtype[0] = getdamtype(wep);

		if (!willheal) {
			enum SKILLLEVEL slev;
			float loreadd = 0;
			// blessed vs undead
			adjustdamforblessings(lf, &(dam[0]), victim, wep->blessed);

			// modify for weapon skill, strength, rings of wounding etc
			applylfdammod(&dam[0], lf, wep);

			// modify for size
			modifyforsize(&dam[0], lf, victim, 10, M_PCT);

			// gods like certain material weapons
			if (wep && isplayer(lf)) {
				int matbonus = 0;
				if ((wep->material->id == MT_BONE) && godprayedto(R_GODDEATH)) {
					matbonus = rnd(1,2);
				} else if ((wep->material->id == MT_WOOD) && godprayedto(R_GODNATURE)) {
					matbonus = rnd(1,2);
				}
				dam[0] += matbonus;
			}

			// backstab?
			if (willbackstab(lf, victim, wep)) {
				//addflag(victim->flags, F_STABBEDBY, lf->id, NA, NA, NULL);
				dam[0] *= (getskill(lf, SK_BACKSTAB));
				firstisbackstab = B_TRUE;
			} else if (lfhasflag(victim, F_ASLEEP)) {
				// target asleep?
				dam[0] *= 2;
			}

			// bonus for knowledge about the other lf's race?  applied LAST.
			slev = getlorelevel(lf, victim->race->raceclass->id);
			if (slev == PR_INEPT) {
				loreadd = 0;
			} else {
				loreadd = slev;
			}
			dam[0] = (int) (   (float)dam[0] + loreadd  );

			// extra damage to fire-based lifeforms if they are cold.
			if (lf->material->id == MT_FIRE) {
				enum TEMPERATURE temp;
				temp = getlftemp(lf);
				switch (temp) {
					case T_CHILLY:	dam[0] = pctof(125, dam[0]); break;
					case T_COLD:	dam[0] = pctof(160, dam[0]); break;
					case T_VCOLD:	dam[0] = pctof(200, dam[0]); break;
					default: break;
				}
			}

		}

		if (lfhasflag(lf, F_PHANTASM)) {
			dam[0] = 0;
			if (aidb) dblog(".oO { adjusting phantasm dam to 0 }");
		}

		if (aidb) dblog(".oO { dealing %d %s damage }", dam[0], getdamname(damtype[0]));

		ndam = 1;
		// determine extra damage for flaming etc.
		// getextradam from USER too
		if (!willheal) {
			getextradamwep(wep, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);
			getextradamlf(lf, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);
		}
	} else {
		hit = B_FALSE;
		ndam = 0;
	}

	if (ndam > 0) {
		flag_t *f;
		// hit!

		killflagsofid(lf->flags, F_LASTATTACKHIT);
		addflag(lf->flags, F_LASTATTACKHIT, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);

		for (i = 0; i < ndam; i++) {
			int damreducedbyarmour = 0;
			int backstab = B_FALSE;
			int prebleed = B_FALSE;
			int stopnow = B_FALSE;

			if (firstisbackstab && (i == 0)) backstab = B_TRUE;

			// slightly more damage for heavy blows
			if (lfhasflag(lf, F_HEAVYBLOW) || hasflag(wep->flags, F_HEAVYBLOW)) {
				dam[i] = (int)pctof(110,dam[i]);
			}

			// modify for rusted weapon.
			switch (damtype[i]) {
				case DT_PIERCE:
				case DT_SLASH:
				case DT_CHOP:
					dam[i] = pctof(getrustdampct(wep), dam[i]);
					break;
				default:
					break;
			}

			// blocked by defender's shield?
			if (i == 0) {
				int difficulty;
				char attackname[BUFLEN];
				if (lfhasflag(lf, F_HOLYAURA) && isvulnto(victim->flags, DT_HOLY, B_FALSE)) {
					damtype[i] = DT_HOLY;
				}
				snprintf(attackname, BUFLEN,  "%s%s attack", attackername, getpossessive(attackername));
				difficulty = 100 + (gettr(victim)*5) - (gettr(lf)*5);
				if (check_for_block(lf, victim, dam[i], damtype[i], difficulty,  attackname, isadjacent(lf->cell,victim->cell))) {
					blocked = B_TRUE;
					break; // stop processing damage now.
				}
			}

			// modify damage based on defender's resistances
			adjustdamlf(victim, &dam[i], damtype[i]);
			//dblog("adjusted for lf to dam[%d] = %d",i,dam[i]);

			// can't do damage to phantasms
			if (lfhasflag(lf, F_PHANTASM)) dam[i] = 0;

			// check for protective spells like heavenly armour
			if (dam[i] > 0) {
				if (isphysicaldam(damtype[i])) {
					getflags(victim->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_HEAVENARM, F_MAGICARMOUR, F_NONE);
					if (nretflags) {
						magicarm = retflag[0];
					}
				}
			}


			if (!magicarm) {
				// armour doesn't reduce damage for backstabs or critical hits.
				// BUT in the case of a critical hit, the armour might get
				// damaged during the call to criticalhit() later on.

				//
				// normally armour would be handled by losehp() & losehpeffects(), but
				// in this case we need to know whether the armour was hit beforehand,
				// in order to construct the "you hit xxx" string.
				if ((dam[i] > 0) && !backstab && !critical) {
					damreducedbyarmour = handlearmour(victim, wep, &dam[i], damtype[i]);
				}

				// if damage has been reduced zero, it's not a critical hit anymore.
				if (dam[i] <= 0) {
					critical = B_FALSE;
					critpos = BP_NONE;
				}

				// make sure quivering palm damage isn't fatal
				// becquse we want them to explode
				if (lfhasflag(lf, F_QUIVERINGPALM)) {
					if (dam[i] >= victim->hp) {
						dam[i] = victim->hp - 1;
					}
				}

				// at this point, is the damage enough to be fatal?  we need to know so we
				// can determine whether monsters will use feign death or dodge abilities.
				// NOTE: whether or not the attack is fatal is re-calculated again
				// later on after damage is applied to ensure that the correct
				// attack string is displayed ("you hit xxx" vs "you kill xxx").
				if (dam[i] >= victim->hp) {
					fatal = B_TRUE;
				}

				// another check for phantasms
				if (lfhasflag(lf, F_PHANTASM)) dam[0] = 0;

				// is the victim feigning death? if so, stop now.
				if (lfhasflag(victim, F_FEIGNINGDEATH)) {
					killflagsofid(victim->flags, F_FEIGNINGDEATH);
				} else if (!fatal && !isplayer(victim) && cancast(victim, OT_A_FEIGNDEATH, NULL)) {
					// monsters might pretend to be dead.
					if (onein(2) || islowhp(victim)) {
						// do it!
						useability(victim, OT_A_FEIGNDEATH, lf, lf->cell);
						feigneddeath = B_TRUE;
					}
				}

				// did the defender use the Reflexive Dodging skill to dodge the attack?
				if (fatal && !feigneddeath && lfhasflag(victim, F_DODGES) && cansee(victim, lf) && hasfreeaction(victim)) {
					cell_t *adj;
					int candodge = B_FALSE;

					if (getstamina(victim)) {
						if (isplayer(victim)) {
							candodge = B_TRUE;
						} else if (onein(3)) {
							candodge = B_TRUE;
						}
					}
					if (candodge) {
						adj = getdodgecell(victim);
						if (adj) {
							flag_t *f;
							if (isplayer(victim) || cansee(player, victim)) {
								if (cansee(player, lf)) {
									msg("^w%s dodge%s %s%s attack!",victimname,isplayer(victim) ? "" : "s",
										attackername, getpossessive(attackername));
								} else {
									msg("^w%s dodge%s an attack!",victimname,isplayer(victim) ? "" : "s");
								}
							} else if (isplayer(lf)) {
								msg("You attack something, but it dodges!");
							} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
								msg("%s attacks something, but it dodges!", attackername);
							}
							f = addflag(victim->flags, F_NOTIME, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
							moveto(victim, adj, B_FALSE, B_FALSE);
							killflag(f);

							if (isplayer(victim)) {
								setstamina(victim, 0);
							}
							// remember that we dodged, to avoid otehr attack effects like
							// heavy blow, etc.
							dodged = B_TRUE;
							// stop processing now.
							break;
						}
					}
				}

			} // end if !magicarm

			prebleed = isbleeding(victim);

			// Now handle the actual hit.

			if (magicarm) {
				// if you have a forcefield/magic armour, you can never be killed until
				// it vanishes.
				fatal = B_FALSE;
			} else if (willheal) {
				// some magical weapons will heal instead of doing damage
				if (cansee(player, victim)) {
					flag_t *f;
					if (areallies(player, victim)) {
						msg("^g%s %s healed!",victimname, isplayer(victim) ? "are" : "is");
					} else {
						msg("^w%s %s healed!",victimname, isplayer(victim) ? "are" : "is");
					}
					f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_BALANCE);
					if (f) {
						f->known = B_TRUE;
					}
				}
				gainhp(victim, dam[i]);
				damreducedbyarmour = 0;
			} else if (lfhasflag(lf, F_QUIVERINGPALM)) {
				// victim explodes!
				losehp_real(victim, victim->hp, DT_EXPLOSIVE, lf, "a quivering palm strike", B_FALSE, NULL, B_FALSE, NULL, B_FALSE, BP_NONE, B_NOCRIT);
				damreducedbyarmour = 0;
			} else {
				// actually deal the melee damage!
				char attackername2[BUFLEN];
				real_getlfname(lf, attackername2, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_REALRACE);
				if (lf->race->raceclass->id == RC_GOD) {
					flag_t *gf;
					gf = lfhasflag(lf, F_GODOF);
					if (getgender(lf) == G_FEMALE) {
						strcat(attackername2, " the Goddess of ");
					} else {
						strcat(attackername2, " the God of ");
					}
					strcat(attackername2, gf->text);
				}

				// get name of weapon/attacker, for "killedby" text
				if (wep && !isunarmed) {
					char wepname[BUFLEN];
					real_getobname(wep, wepname, 1, B_PREMODS, B_NOCONDITION, B_NOBLINDADJUST, B_BLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
					/*
					snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s^%s %s",attackername2,
						(lf == victim) ? "using" : "weilding",
						wepname);
					*/
					// ie. killed by "an orc's dagger"
					snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s%s %s",attackername2, getpossessive(attackername2), noprefix(wepname));
				} else {
					strcpy(buf, attackername2);
				}

				// apply damage to victim
				// note: we delay extra effects from the damage so that we get a chance to first annoiunce
				// the hit.
				//
				// otherwise the messages are in the wrong order, eg:
				//    "the fire sets you alight!"
				//    "xxx hits you with a flaming sword."

				// don't adjust damage for resistences - we've already done that
				losehp_real(victim, dam[i], damtype[i], lf, buf, B_NODAMADJUST, wep, B_NORETALIATE,
					&waskod, B_NODAMEFFECTS, critpos, critical);
			}
			// was it fatal ? override previously calculated value.
			if ((victim->hp <= 0) && !waskod) {
				fatal = B_TRUE;
			} else {
				fatal = B_FALSE;
			}
			// announce the hit
			if (!feigneddeath) {
				if (isplayer(lf) || isplayer(victim) || cansee(player, lf) || cansee(player, victim)) {
					construct_hit_string(lf, victim, attackername, victimname, victimbpname, wep, damtype[i], dam[i], victim->maxhp, i, backstab, critical, lfhasflag(victim, F_NOFATALTEXT) ? B_FALSE : fatal, isunarmed, buf);

					if (strlen(buf)) {
						warn("%s", buf);
					}
				}
				if (fatal) {
					if (strstr(buf, "behead")) {
						// we'll need to place the severed head object
						addflag(victim->flags, F_BEHEADED, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
						addflag(victim->flags, F_MUTILATED, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
						if (damtypecausesbleed(damtype[i], wep)) {
							bleed(victim, B_SPLATTER);
						}
					} else if (strstr(buf, "bisect") || strstr(buf, "dismember")) {
						if (victim->race->id != R_EARTHWYRM)  {
							addflag(victim->flags, F_MUTILATED, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
						}
						if (damtypecausesbleed(damtype[i], wep)) {
							bleed(victim, B_SPLATTER);
						}
					} else {
						if (damtypecausesbleed(damtype[i], wep)) {
							int bloodamt = 0,n;
							switch (getlfsize(victim)) {
								case SZ_MINI:
									if (onein(3)) bloodamt = 1;
									break;
								case SZ_TINY: bloodamt = rnd(0,1); break;
								case SZ_SMALL: bloodamt = rnd(0,2); break;
								case SZ_MEDIUM: bloodamt = rnd(1,3); break;
								case SZ_HUMAN: bloodamt = rnd(3,5); break;
								case SZ_LARGE: bloodamt = rnd(5,10); break;
								case SZ_HUGE: bloodamt = rnd(10,15); break;
								case SZ_ENORMOUS:
								case SZ_MAX:
									bloodamt = rnd(15,20); break;
								default: bloodamt = 0; break;
							}
							for (n = 0; n < bloodamt; n++) {
								bleed(victim, B_NOSPLATTER);
							}
						}
					}
					if (isplayer(lf) && cansee(player, victim) && !hasflag(victim->flags, F_NODEATHANNOUNCE)) {
						if (!hasflag(victim->flags, F_PHANTASM)) {
							// don't also say "the xx dies"
							addflag(victim->flags, F_NODEATHANNOUNCE, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
						}
					}
				}
			} // end if !feigneddeath

			// special case
			if (!isdead(victim)) {
				f = lfhasflag(victim, F_ABSORBKINETIC);
				if (f) {
					char damstr[BUFLEN];
					sprintf(damstr, "%d", f->val[0]);
					addtempflag(victim->flags, F_EXTRADAM, f->val[1], NA, NA, damstr,f->val[2]);
					addtempflag(victim->flags, F_HEAVYBLOW, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL, 1);
					if (cansee(player, victim)) {
						msg("^%c%s looks stronger!", getlfcol(victim, CC_GOOD), victimname);
					}

				}
			}

			/// ... used to apply armour damage here...

			// make noise
			// UNLESS this fighting involved the player.
			// This is a hack - should really move this check into noise(), and
			// implement some way to tell whether a lf is currently fighting the player.
			if (!isplayer(lf) && !isplayer(victim)) {
				noise(lf->cell, lf, NC_FIGHTING, SV_SHOUT, "fighting.", NULL);
			}

			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				if (backstab) {
					practice(lf, SK_BACKSTAB, 1);
					pleasegodmaybe(R_GODTHIEVES, 8);
				} else if (lfhasflagval(lf, F_UNSEENATTACKER, victim->id, NA, NA, NULL)) {
					pleasegodmaybe(R_GODTHIEVES, 4);
				}
			}


			// now handle the extra hp loss effects which we postponed above.
			losehpeffects(victim, dam[i], damtype[i], lf, wep, B_NORETALIATE, waskod,
				&waskod, prebleed, BP_NONE, damreducedbyarmour, critical);

			if (fatal || waskod || dodged || stopnow) break; // stop now, don't process further damtypes!
		} // end foreach damtype

		if (waskod) {
			loseconsciousness(victim, waskod, lf);
		}

		// other effects
		if ((victim->material->id == MT_WATER) && wep && !isunarmed) {
			makewet(wep, 1);
		}

		// special weapon effects, as long as you're not doing a heavy blow
		if (!lfhasflag(lf, F_HEAVYBLOW) && dam[0]) {
			// confer flags from weapon
			wepeffects(wep->flags, victim->cell, damflag, dam[0], isunarmed);
			// confer flags from attacker themselves
			wepeffects(lf->flags, victim->cell, damflag, dam[0], isunarmed);
		}
		if (!isdead(victim) && !blocked && !dodged) {
			f = lfhasflag(lf, F_FREEZINGTOUCH);
			if (f) {
				int diff;
				diff = f->val[2]*20;
				if (isimmuneto(victim->flags, DT_COLD, B_FALSE) || skillcheck(victim, SC_RESISTMAG, diff, 0)) {
					if (isplayer(victim)) {
						msg("You feel mildly chilly.");
					}
				} else {
					// victim turns to ice for a while!
					freezelf(victim, lf, f->val[1]);
				}
				killflag(f);
			}

			// critical hit effects
			if (critical && damtypecausescriteffects(damtype[0])) {
				criticalhit(lf, victim, critpos, wep, dam[0], damtype[0]);
			}


			// special lifeform-based effects
			if ((lf->race->id == R_COCKATRICE) && dam[0]) {
				// first saving throw...
				if (skillcheck(victim, SC_CON, 75, 0)) {
					// slowed
					addtempflag(victim->flags, F_SLOWACTMOVE, 15, NA, NA, NULL, 2);
				} else {
					// second saving throw...
					if (skillcheck(victim, SC_CON, 75, 0)) {
						// paralyzed
						addtempflag(victim->flags, F_PARALYZED, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL, 5);
					} else {
						if (!lfhasflag(lf, F_BEINGSTONED)) {
							// stoned!
							addflag(victim->flags, F_BEINGSTONED, 2, NA, NA, NULL);
						}
					}
				}
			} else if ((lf->race->id == R_STIRGE) || (lf->race->baseid == R_LEECH)) {
				if (getexposedlimbs(victim)) {
					// automatically latch on
					if (!lfhasflag(victim, F_NONCORPOREAL) && !hasflag(lf->flags, F_ATTACHEDTO)) {
						addflag(lf->flags, F_ATTACHEDTO, victim->id, NA, NA, NULL);
					}
				}
			}

			// if victim was flying and took >= 40% of its hit points, it drops to the ground.
			if (isphysicaldam(damtype[i]) && (dam[i] >= pctof(40, victim->maxhp))) {
				fall_from_air(victim);
			}
			// if victim can still move...
			if (hasfreeaction(victim)) {
				fightback(victim, lf);
			}
		} // end if !isdead(victim)

		if (!blocked && !dodged) {
			// adhesion?
			f = lfhasflag(victim, F_ADHESIVE);
			if (f && wep && !isunarmed && !skillcheck(lf, SC_STR, f->val[0], 0)) {
				// attacker's weapon sticks to it!
				if (cansee(player, lf) || cansee(player, victim)) {
					char wepname[BUFLEN];
					real_getobname(wep, wepname, 1, B_PREMODS, B_NOCONDITION, B_NOBLINDADJUST, B_BLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
					msg("^%c%s%s %s %s to %s!", getlfcol(lf, CC_BAD),
						attackername, getpossessive(attackername), noprefix(wepname),
						(wep->amt == 1) ? "sticks" : "stick", victimname);
				}
				moveob(wep, victim->pack, wep->amt);
			}

			// retaliation happens even if victim died
			getflags(victim->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_RETALIATE, F_NONE);
			for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
				f = retflag[i];
				if ((f->id == F_RETALIATE) && (getcelldist(victim->cell, lf->cell) == 1)) {
					int rdam;
					char damstring[BUFLEN],dicetext[BUFLEN],obname[BUFLEN];
					char *loctext,*p;
					loctext = strdup(f->text);
					p = readuntil(dicetext, loctext, '^');
					readuntil(obname, p, '^');

					rdam = roll(dicetext);
					if (cansee(player, victim)) {
						msg("^%c%s%s %s %s %s!", getlfcol(lf, CC_BAD), victimname, getpossessive(victimname),
							noprefix(obname),
							getattackverb(victim, NULL, f->val[0], rdam, lf->maxhp),
							attackername);
					}
					snprintf(damstring, BUFLEN, "%s%s %s", victimname, getpossessive(victimname), noprefix(obname));
					losehp_real(lf, rdam, f->val[0], victim, damstring, B_TRUE, NULL, B_TRUE, NULL, B_TRUE, critpos, critical);
					free(loctext);
				}
			}
		}
	} else { // miss!
		if (aidb) dblog(".oO { i missed! }");
		killflagsofid(lf->flags, F_LASTATTACKHIT);
		addflag(lf->flags, F_LASTATTACKHIT, B_FALSE, NA, NA, NULL);
		// announce it
		if (weppassthrough) {
			if (cansee(player, lf)) {
				msg("^w%s%s attack passes straight through %s!", attackername, getpossessive(attackername), victimname);
			}
		} else if (deflected) {
			if (cansee(player, lf)) {
				msg("^w%s deflect%s %s%s attack.", victimname, isplayer(victim) ? "" : "s",attackername, getpossessive(attackername));
			}
		} else if (lfhasflag(victim, F_MAGSHIELD) && ismetal(wep->material->id)) {
			if (isplayer(lf) || cansee(player, lf)) {
				snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s",attackername);

				msg("^w%s%s magnetic shield repels %s%s attack.", victimname, getpossessive(victimname),
					buf, getpossessive(buf));
			}
		} else {
			char missamt[BUFLEN];
			flag_t *anticipated = NULL;
			anticipated = lfhasflagval(victim, F_ANTICIPATE, lf->id, NA, NA, NULL);
			if (anticipated || (missby >= 50)) {
				strcpy(missamt, "wildly ");
			} else if (missby <= 10) {
				strcpy(missamt, "narrowly ");
			} else {
				strcpy(missamt, "");
			}
			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				msg("You %smiss %s.", missamt, victimname);
			} else {
				if (cansee(player, lf)) {
					// capitalise first letter
					snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "%s",attackername);

					msg("%s %smisses %s.", buf, missamt, victimname);
				}
			}

			if (canevade(victim, lf)) {
				// victim trains evasion
				practice(victim, SK_EVASION, 1);
			}

			// chance to fumble attack.
			if (fumble) {
				if (wep && !isunarmed) {
					if (isplayer(lf)) {
						msg("^%cYou fumble your attack!", getlfcol(lf, CC_BAD));
					} else if (cansee(player, lf)) {
						msg("^%c%s fumbles its attack!", getlfcol(lf, CC_BAD), attackername);
					}
					drop(wep, ALL);
					wep = NULL;
				}
			}

			// high chance that ai will give up if we can't reach the victim
			if (!isplayer(lf) && !canreach(lf, victim, NULL)) {
				if (pctchance(80)) {
					loseaitargets(lf);
					if (isplayer(victim) && cansee(player, lf)) {
						//msg("%s seems to have lost interest in you.", attackername);
						msg("%s can't reach you!", attackername);
					}
				}
			}

			// anticipated spells lose power
			if (anticipated) {
				if (--anticipated->val[1] <= 0) {
					killflag(anticipated);
					anticipated = NULL;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// practice?
	if (hit) {
		if (wepsk) {
			practice(lf, wepsk->id, 1);
		}
		if (isdualweilding(lf)) {
			practice(lf, SK_TWOWEAPON, 1);
		}
	}

	// induction of fear?
	if (!isdead(victim)) {
		if (lfhasflag(victim, F_INDUCEFEAR)) {
			if (cansee(lf, victim)) {
				scare(lf, victim, rnd(2,3), 0);
			}
		}
	}

	// twoweapon?
	if (hit && !blocked) {
		enum SKILLLEVEL slev;
		slev = getskill(lf, SK_TWOWEAPON);
		if (slev >= PR_SKILLED) {
			object_t *secwep;
			secwep = getsecmeleeweapon(lf);
			// ie. if we are using two weapons, and the current one
			// is the first...
			if (secwep && (secwep != wep)) {
				int bonus = 0;
				// next hit will have enhanced accuracy
				if (slev == PR_SKILLED) {
					bonus = 10;
				} else if (slev == PR_EXPERT) {
					bonus = 25;
				} else if (slev == PR_MASTER) {
					bonus = 40;
				}
				if (bonus) {
					addtempflag(lf->flags, F_ACCURACYMOD, bonus, NA, NA, NULL, 1);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if (fatal || waskod || dodged || fumble) {
		// don't keep attacking if the victim is dead, or moved!
		// also don't keep attacking if we fumbled.
		return B_TRUE;
	}

	if (aidb) dblog(".oO { doattack about to return B_FALSE }");
	return B_FALSE;
}

int attackob(lifeform_t *lf, object_t *o, object_t *wep, flag_t *damflag) {
	int dam[100];
	enum DAMTYPE damtype[100];
	int ndam = 0;
	char attackername[BUFLEN];
	char obname[BUFLEN];
	flag_t *f;
	int isunarmed = B_FALSE;
	cell_t *obloc = NULL;
	char wepname[BUFLEN],buf[BUFLEN];
	int i;
	//int aidb = B_TRUE;
	int maxhp;

	moveeffects(lf, B_FALSE);
	if (isdead(lf)) return B_TRUE;

	// get names
	getlfname(lf, attackername);
	getobname(o, obname, o->amt);

	// get target object details
	obloc = o->pile->where;
	f = hasflag(o->flags, F_OBHP);
	if (f) {
		maxhp = f->val[1];
	} else {
		maxhp = 1;
	}

	if (hasflag(wep->flags, F_UNARMEDWEP)) {
		isunarmed = B_TRUE;
	}
	getobname(wep, wepname, 1);


	// don't need to figure out accuracy - we always hit.

	// determine damage
	ndam = 0;
	//if (unarmedflag && (unarmedflag->val[0] != NA)) {
	dam[ndam] = getdamroll(wep, NULL, damflag);

	// modify for strength
	if (!hasflag(wep->flags, F_NOSTRDAMMOD) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_NOSTRDAMMOD)) {
		dam[ndam] += getstrdammod(lf);
	}

	// damtype?
	damtype[ndam] = getdamtype(wep);
	ndam++;

	// don't need to check for blessed vs mosnters

	// determine extra damage
	getextradamwep(wep, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);
	getextradamlf(lf, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);

	if (isdoor(o, NULL)) {
		// extra damage for engineering skill
		dam[0] += getengineeringwallmod(lf);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < ndam; i++) {
		// announce the hit
		construct_hit_string(lf, NULL, attackername, obname, NULL, wep, damtype[i], dam[i], maxhp, i, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, isunarmed, buf);

		if (strlen(buf)) {
			msg("%s", buf);
		}
		if (!isplayer(lf) && !cansee(player, lf)) {
			char noisebuf[BUFLEN];
			int vol;
			switch (o->material->id) {
				case MT_METAL:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a metallic clanging.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_GLASS:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "cracking glass.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_WOOD:
				case MT_DRAGONWOOD:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "splintering wood.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_BONE:
				case MT_STONE:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 3;
					break;
				case MT_GOLD:
				case MT_SILVER:
				case MT_LEATHER:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 2;
					break;
				case MT_PAPER:
				case MT_WETPAPER:
				case MT_RUBBER:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 1;
					break;
				default:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "something being hit.");
					vol = 3;
					break;
			}
			noise(obloc, NULL, NC_OTHER, vol, noisebuf, NULL);
		}

		if ((i == 0) && (wep->type->id == OT_FISTS) && hasflag(o->flags, F_HARDNESS)) {
			object_t *gloves;
			gloves = getouterequippedob(lf, BP_HANDS);
			if (gloves && hasflag(gloves->flags, F_HARDNESS)) {
				// ok
			} else if ((o->material->id == MT_WOOD) && (getskill(lf, SK_UNARMED) >= PR_ADEPT)) {
				// ok
			} else {
				char buf[BUFLEN];
				snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "punching %s", obname);
				if ( losehp(lf, 1, DT_BASH, lf, buf)) {
					if (isplayer(lf)) {
						msg("^bOw!");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// smash wood bonus
		if ((wep->type->id == OT_FISTS) &&
		    (o->material->id == MT_WOOD) &&
		    (getskill(lf, SK_UNARMED) >= PR_ADEPT)) {
			dam[i] += rnd(1,6);
		}

		// object loses hp
		takedamage(o, dam[i], damtype[i], lf);
		if (isplayer(lf) && hasflag(o->flags, F_LOCKED)) {
			angergodmaybe(R_GODTHIEVES, 25, GA_MONEY);
		}
		if (isdeadob(o)) {
			break;
		}
	} // end foreach damtype

	if (!isdeadob(o)) {
		// special weapon effects, as long as you're not doing a heavy blow
		if (!lfhasflag(lf, F_HEAVYBLOW) && dam[0]) {
			wepeffects(wep->flags, obloc, damflag, dam[0], isunarmed);
		}
	}

	if (isunarmed) {
		// touch effects
		touch(lf, o);
	} else if (hasflag(o->flags, F_IMPASSABLE)) {
		// weapon gets damaged ?
		if (wep && (ndam > 0)) {
			if (wepdullable(wep)) {
				// weapon gets duller
				makedullermaybe(wep, 1);
			}
		}
	}

	// still not dead? more checks
	if (!isdeadob(o)) {
		object_t *oo;
		f = hasflag(o->flags, F_TRAPPED);
		if (f && pctchance(75)) {
			triggerattachedtraps(o, lf, B_DOANNOUNCE);
		} else {
			// if a trap didn't go off, you might break the lock
			f = hasflag(o->flags, F_LOCKED);
			if (f && (damtype[0] == DT_BASH)) {
				int difficulty;
				int unlockit = B_FALSE;
				difficulty = f->val[1];
				if (rnd(0,getattr(lf, A_STR)) + dam[0] >= difficulty) {
					// hit it hard enough
					unlockit = B_TRUE;
				} else if ( pctchance(dam[0]*3)) {
					// did enough damage
					unlockit = B_TRUE;
				}
				if (unlockit) {
					// lock breaks!
					if (isplayer(lf)) {
						msg("You break the lock!");
					}
					killflagsofid(o->flags, F_LOCKED);
				}
			}
		}

		// objects inside might smash
		if (damtype[0] == DT_BASH) {
			for (oo = o->contents->first ;oo ; oo = oo->next) {
				if (willshatter(oo->material->id) && onein(2)) {
					if (isplayer(lf)) {
						// since the sound won't work.
						msg("You hear shattering glass from inside %s.", obname);
					}
					// damstring should never be used...
					shatter(oo, B_FALSE, "shattering damage", lf);
				} else {
					int obdam;
					obdam = dam[0] / 2;
					limit(&obdam, 1, NA);
					takedamage(oo, obdam, DT_BASH, NULL);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

int attackwall(lifeform_t *lf, cell_t *c, object_t *wep, flag_t *damflag) {
	int dam[100];
	enum DAMTYPE damtype[100];
	int ndam = 0;
	char attackername[BUFLEN];
	int isunarmed = B_FALSE;
	char buf[BUFLEN];
	int i;
	int maxhp;

	moveeffects(lf, B_FALSE);
	if (isdead(lf)) return B_TRUE;

	maxhp = c->type->hp;

	// get names
	getlfname(lf, attackername);

	// don't need to figure out accuracy - we always hit.

	// determine damage
	ndam = 0;
	//if (unarmedflag && (unarmedflag->val[0] != NA)) {
	dam[ndam] = getdamroll(wep, NULL, damflag);

	// modify for strength
	if (!hasflag(wep->flags, F_NOSTRDAMMOD) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_NOSTRDAMMOD)) {
		dam[ndam] += getstrdammod(lf);
	}

	// damtype?
	damtype[ndam] = getdamtype(wep);
	ndam++;

	// don't need to check for blessed vs mosnters

	// determine extra damage
	getextradamwep(wep, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);
	getextradamlf(lf, &dam[0], &damtype[0], &ndam, B_FALSE);

	// extra damage for engineering skill
	dam[0] += getengineeringwallmod(lf);

	for (i = 0; i < ndam; i++) {
		char cellname[BUFLEN];
		sprintf(cellname, "%s %s", needan(c->type->name) ? "an" : "a", c->type->name);
		// announce the hit
		construct_hit_string(lf, NULL, attackername, cellname, NULL, wep, damtype[i], dam[i], maxhp, i,  B_FALSE, B_FALSE, B_FALSE, isunarmed, buf);

		if (strlen(buf)) {
			msg("%s", buf);
		}
		if (!isplayer(lf) && !cansee(player, lf)) {
			char noisebuf[BUFLEN];
			int vol;
			switch (c->type->material->id) {
				case MT_METAL:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a metallic clanging.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_GLASS:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "cracking glass.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_WOOD:
				case MT_DRAGONWOOD:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "splintering wood.");
					vol = 4;
					break;
				case MT_BONE:
				case MT_STONE:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 3;
					break;
				case MT_GOLD:
				case MT_SILVER:
				case MT_LEATHER:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 2;
					break;
				case MT_PAPER:
				case MT_WETPAPER:
				case MT_RUBBER:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "a dull thumping.");
					vol = 1;
					break;
				default:
					strcpy(noisebuf, "something being hit.");
					vol = 3;
					break;
			}
			noise(c, NULL, NC_OTHER, vol, noisebuf, NULL);
		}

		if ((i == 0) && (wep->type->id == OT_FISTS) && hasflag(c->type->material->flags, F_HARDNESS)) {
			object_t *gloves;
			gloves = getouterequippedob(lf, BP_HANDS);
			if (gloves && hasflag(gloves->flags, F_HARDNESS)) {
				// ok
			} else if ((c->type->material->id == MT_WOOD) && (getskill(lf, SK_UNARMED) >= PR_ADEPT)) {
				// ok
			} else {
				char buf[BUFLEN];
				snprintf(buf, BUFLEN, "punching %s", cellname);
				if ( losehp(lf, 1, DT_BASH, lf, buf)) {
					if (isplayer(lf)) {
						msg("^bOw!");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// smash wood bonus
		if ((wep->type->id == OT_FISTS) &&
		    (c->type->material->id == MT_WOOD) &&
		    (getskill(lf, SK_UNARMED) >= PR_ADEPT)) {
			dam[i] += rnd(1,6);
		}

		if (dam[i] > 0) {
			damagecell(c, dam[i], damtype[i], lf);
			// don't deal any more damage types
			break;
		}
	} // end foreach damtype

	// no special weapon effects on cells.

	// weapon gets damaged ?
	if (wep && (ndam > 0)) {
		if (wepdullable(wep)) {
			// weapon gets duller
			makedullermaybe(wep, 1);
		}
	}

	return B_FALSE;
}

enum DAMTYPE basedamagetype(enum DAMTYPE dt) {
	switch (dt) {
		case DT_HEAT:
			dt = DT_FIRE; break;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return dt;
}

// returns B_TRUE if victim blocked lf's attack
//
// Note: sometimes we'll call this function with a check difficulty of IMPOSSIBLE.
//       This means that it'sonly possible to block the attack if you are in
//	 'fullshield' mode.
int check_for_block(lifeform_t *lf, lifeform_t *victim, int dam, enum DAMTYPE damtype, int difficulty, char *attackname, int ranged) {
	object_t *shield[MAXPILEOBS];
	int checkmod[MAXPILEOBS];
	int nshields,i;
	flag_t *fflag;
	long shid;

	fflag = lfhasflag(victim, F_FULLSHIELD);
	if (fflag) {
		shid = atol(fflag->text);
	} else {
		shid = -1;
	}

	if (lf && !cansee(victim, lf)) {
		// in fullblock mode, you can block even if you can't see
		// your attacker.
		if (!fflag) {
			return B_FALSE;
		}
	}
	if (lfhasflag(victim, F_STUNNED) || !hasfreeaction(victim)) {
		return B_FALSE;
	}

	// need stamina to block
	if (!getstamina(victim)) return B_FALSE;

	// get all usable shields for this damtype
	getallshields(victim, damtype, shield, checkmod, &nshields);
	for (i = 0; i < nshields; i++) {
		int blocked = B_FALSE;
		// did f_fullblock skill work?
		if (fflag && ranged && (shield[i]->id == shid)) {
			int fullchance;
			fullchance = 40 + (getobsize(shield[i])*5);
			if (pctchance(fullchance)) {
				blocked = B_TRUE;
			}
		}
		// did we block with this object?
		if (!blocked && skillcheck(victim, SC_SHIELDBLOCK, difficulty, checkmod[i])) {
			blocked = B_TRUE;
		}
		if (blocked) {
			char shname[BUFLEN];
			char victimname[BUFLEN];
			getlfname(victim, victimname);
			// announce
			real_getobname(shield[i], shname, 1, B_PREMODS, B_NOCONDITION, B_BLINDADJUST, B_NOBLESSINGS, B_NOUSED, B_NOSHOWALL);
			if (lf && isplayer(lf)) { // player is atatcking
				msg("%s blocks %s with %s.", victimname, attackname, shname);
			} else if ((lf && cansee(player, lf)) || cansee(player, victim)) { // monster is attacking
				msg("%s block%s %s with %s.", victimname, isplayer(victim) ? "" : "s",
					attackname, shname);
			}
			if (isshield(shield[i])) {
				// apply all damage to shield.
				// (blocking with weapons won't damage them)
				takedamage(shield[i], dam, damtype, lf);
				practice(victim, SK_SHIELDS, 1);
			}
			if (!isdeadob(shield[i])) {
				if (lf) {
					flag_t *f;
					f = hasflag(lf->flags, F_ADHESIVE);
					if (f && !skillcheck(victim, SC_STR, f->val[0], 0)) {
						if (cansee(player, lf) || cansee(player, victim)) {
							char attname[BUFLEN];
							getlfname(lf, attname);
							msg("^%c%s%s %s %s to %s!", getlfcol(victim, CC_BAD),
								victimname, getpossessive(victimname), noprefix(shname),
								(shield[i]->amt == 1) ? "sticks" : "stick", attname);
						}
						moveob(shield[i], lf->pack, shield[i]->amt);
					}
				}

			}
			// stop checking.
			return B_TRUE;
		}
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

void criticalhit(lifeform_t *lf, lifeform_t *victim, enum BODYPART hitpos, object_t *wep, int dam, enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	object_t *o,*armour;
	int protected = B_FALSE;
	char lfname[BUFLEN],victimname[BUFLEN];

	if ((int)hitpos == BP_NONE) return;

	// replace some dam types
	if (damtype == DT_UNARMED) damtype = DT_BASH;
	if (damtype == DT_BITE) damtype = DT_SLASH;
	if (damtype == DT_PIERCE) damtype = DT_SLASH;
	if (damtype == DT_CHOP) damtype = DT_SLASH;

	// special case - beheading multiheaded monsters
	if (lf && victim && (damtype == DT_SLASH)) {
		flag_t *selflag;
		selflag = lfhasflagval(victim, F_CANSEVER, hitpos, NA, NA, NULL);
		if (selflag) {
			int i,nretflags,num;
			char dambuf[BUFLEN];
			char bpname[BUFLEN];
			flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
			strcpy(bpname, getbodypartname(victim, hitpos));
			// special case
			if (victim->race->id != R_HYDRA) {
				// remove it
				addflag(victim->flags, F_NOBODYPART, hitpos, NA, NA, NULL);
				// remove hasattack flags
				getflags(victim->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_CANCAST, F_HASATTACK, F_NONE);
				for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
					if (retflag[i]->id == F_CANCAST) {
						if (retflag[i]->val[0] == selflag->val[2]) {
							killflag(retflag[i]);
							continue;
						}
					} else if (retflag[i]->id == F_HASATTACK) {
						if (retflag[i]->val[2] == selflag->val[1]) {
							killflag(retflag[i]);
							continue;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if (cansee(player, victim)) {
				char lfname[BUFLEN],vname[BUFLEN];
				getlfname(victim, vname);
				if (lf && cansee(player, lf)) { // can see who did it
					getlfname(lf, lfname);
				} else {
					strcpy(lfname, "Something");
				}
				msg("^%c%s slice%s off %s%s %s!", getlfcol(victim, CC_VBAD),
					lfname, isplayer(lf) ? "" : "s", vname, getpossessive(vname), bpname);
			}
			// take extra damage based on number of severable limbs
			num = countflagsofid(victim->race->flags, F_CANSEVER);

			if (victim->race->id == R_HYDRA) {
				int regrow = B_TRUE;
				if (wep) {
					if (hasflag(wep->flags, F_ONFIRE) || (wep->material->id == MT_SILVER)) {
						regrow = B_FALSE;
					}
				}
				if (regrow) {
					growhydrahead(victim, B_TRUE);
				} else {
					// lose a head
					losehydrahead(victim);
				}
			} else {
				snprintf(dambuf, BUFLEN, "a severed %s", bpname);
				losehp(victim, pctof(100/num, victim->maxhp), DT_DIRECT, lf, dambuf);
			}

			// drop the head
			if (strlen(selflag->text)) {
				addob(victim->cell->obpile, selflag->text);
			}
			return;
		}
	}

	if (damtype == DT_BASH) {
		switch (hitpos) {
			default:
			case BP_BODY:
				if (pctchance(40)) {
					// some kind of non-injury effect
					switch (rnd(1,2)) {
						case 1: fall(victim, lf, B_TRUE); break;
						case 2:
							if (lf) {
								if (cansee(player, lf) || cansee(player, victim)) {
									getlfname(lf, lfname);
									getlfname(victim, victimname);
									msg("%s%s blow spins %s around!", lfname, getpossessive(lfname),victimname);
								}
							} else {
								if (isplayer(victim) || cansee(player, victim)) {
									getlfname(victim, victimname);
									msg("%s is spun around!", victimname);
								}
							}
                                                        // actually spin them
                                                        setfacing(victim, getrandomdirexcept(DT_COMPASS, victim->facing));
                                                        breakgrabs(victim, B_TRUE, B_TRUE, B_TRUE);
							break;
					}
				}
				if ((armour = getarmour(victim, BP_BODY)) != NULL) {
					protected = checkcritprotection(victim,armour);
					takedamage(armour, dam, damtype, lf);
				}
				if (!protected) injure(victim, BP_BODY, damtype, IJ_NONE);
				break;
			case BP_HEAD:
				if (pctchance(80)) fall(victim, lf, B_TRUE);
				stun(victim, 2);

				// chance of your helmet falling off
				o = getarmour(victim, BP_HEAD);
				if (o) {
					if (onein(2)) {
						if (isplayer(victim)) {
							char buf[BUFLEN];
							getobname(o, buf, o->amt);
							msg("Your %s falls off!", noprefix(buf));
						} else if (cansee(player, victim)) {
							char buf[BUFLEN], lfname[BUFLEN];
							getobname(o, buf, o->amt);
							getlfname(victim, lfname);
							msg("%s%s %s falls off!", lfname, getpossessive(lfname), noprefix(buf));
						}
						moveob(o, victim->cell->obpile, o->amt);
					} else {
						/*
						if (isplayer(victim)) {
							msg("Your %s protects you.", noprefix(obname));
						} else if (cansee(player, victim)) {
							getlfname(victim, victimname);
							msg("%s%s %s protects it.", victimname, getpossessive(victimname), noprefix(obname));
						}
						*/
						takedamage(o, dam, damtype, lf);
					}
				} else {
					injure(victim, BP_HEAD, damtype, IJ_NONE);
				}
				break;
			case BP_HANDS:
				if ((armour = getarmour(victim, BP_HANDS)) != NULL) {
					protected = checkcritprotection(victim,armour);
					takedamage(armour, dam, damtype, lf);
				}
				if (!protected) injure(victim, BP_HANDS, damtype, IJ_NONE);

				if (onein(2)) {
					// drop your weapon!
					o = getweapon(victim);
					if (o) {
						drop(o, ALL);
					}
					break;
				}
			case BP_LEGS:
				if (pctchance(70)) fall(victim, lf, B_TRUE);
				if ((armour = getarmour(victim, BP_LEGS)) != NULL) {
					/*
					getobname(armour, obname, armour->amt);
					if (isplayer(victim)) {
						msg("Your %s protects you.", noprefix(obname));
					} else if (cansee(player, victim)) {
						getlfname(victim, victimname);
						msg("%s%s %s protects it.", victimname, getpossessive(victimname), noprefix(obname));
					}
					*/
					takedamage(armour, dam, damtype, lf);
				} else {
					injure(victim, BP_LEGS, damtype, IJ_NONE);
				}
				break;
		}
	} else if (damtype == DT_SLASH) {
		if ((armour = getarmour(victim, hitpos)) != NULL) {
			protected = checkcritprotection(victim,armour);
			takedamage(armour, dam, damtype, lf);
		}
		if (!protected) injure(victim, hitpos, damtype, IJ_NONE);
	} else if (damtype == DT_EXPLOSIVE) {
		if ((armour = getarmour(victim, hitpos)) != NULL) {
			int min,max;
			protected = checkcritprotection(victim,armour);
			max = getobmaxhp(armour);
			min = max / 2;
			limit(&min, 1, NA);
			takedamage(armour, rnd(min,max), DT_EXPLOSIVE, lf);
		}
		if (!protected) injure(victim, hitpos, damtype, IJ_NONE);
	}

	if (lf) {
		if (lfhasflag(lf, F_CRITKNOCKDOWN) && !isprone(victim)) {
			fall(victim, lf, B_TRUE);
		}
	}
}

int damtypecausesbleed(enum DAMTYPE dt, object_t *fromob) {
	switch (dt) {
        	case DT_PIERCE:
        	case DT_SLASH:
        	case DT_BITE:
        	case DT_CHOP:
        	case DT_EXPLOSIVE:
			return B_TRUE;
        	case DT_PROJECTILE:
			if (fromob && hasflag(fromob->flags, F_MISSILEDAM)) return B_TRUE;
			break;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

int damtypecausescriteffects(enum DAMTYPE dt) {
	switch (dt) {
        	case DT_BASH: case DT_UNARMED:
        	case DT_SLASH: case DT_PIERCE: case DT_BITE: case DT_CHOP:
	/*
        	case DT_EXPLOSIVE:
        	case DT_FALL:
	*/
			return B_TRUE;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

// returns the amount of damage the armour blocked...
int getarmourdamreduction(lifeform_t *lf, object_t *wep, int dam, enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	int reduceamt = 0;
	int ar,min,max;
	//int pctrange;
	object_t *o;

	if (wep && hasflag(wep->flags, F_ARMOURIGNORE)) {
		return 0;
	}
	ar = getarmourrating(lf, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

	// between 25% and 75% of AR.
	// ie. with AR of 20, all damage is reduced by 5-15.
	//pctrange = rnd(25,75);
	//reduceamt = pctof(pctrange, ar);

	getarrange(ar, &min, &max);

	reduceamt = rnd(min, max);

	// special case
	if (damtype == DT_PROJECTILE) {
		o = hasequippedobid(lf->pack, OT_FLAKJACKET);
		if (o) {
			// stop ALL missile damage
			reduceamt = dam;
		}
	}

	if (wep && reduceamt) {
		flag_t *pierce = NULL;
		// and if weapon is armour piercing, you always take at least its
		// armourpiercing valut.
		pierce = hasflag(wep->flags, F_ARMOURPIERCE);
		if (pierce) {
			if (pierce->val[0] < 0) reduceamt = 0;
				else reduceamt -= pierce->val[0];
		}
	}
	limit(&reduceamt, 0, dam);

	return reduceamt;
}

// for a given ArmourRating (AR), return range of damage which it might reduce
void getarrange(int arating, int *min, int *max) {
	*min = pctof(50,arating);
	*max = pctof(80, arating);
}

/*
object_t *getattackwep(lifeform_t *lf, obpile_t **unarmedpile, flag_t **unarmedflag) {
	object_t *wep;

	wep = getweapon(lf);
	if (!wep) {
		// ie. unarmed
		*unarmedpile = getunarmedweapon(lf, unarmedflag);

		if ((*unarmedpile)->first) {
			wep = (*unarmedpile)->first;
		} else {
			wep = NULL;
		}
	}
	return wep;
}
*/

enum DAMTYPE getdamtype(object_t *wep) {
	flag_t *f;
	enum DAMTYPE dt = DT_NONE;

	f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_DAM);
	if (f) {
		dt = f->val[0];
	} else {
		// default - you are just bashing with whatever
		// you weilded.
		dt = DT_BASH;
	}
	return dt;
}

int getextradamlf(lifeform_t *lf, int *dam, enum DAMTYPE *damtype, int *ndam, int wantmax) {
	flag_t *f;
	int i;
	flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
	int nretflags = 0;

	if (lf && lfhasflag(lf, F_PHANTASM)) {
		return *dam;
	}

	// special case -  EXTRADAM of same damtype goes onto INITIAL dam[], rather than
	// adding a new one.
	getflags(lf->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_EXTRADAM, F_NONE);
	for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
		int *damwhere;
		int *damtypewhere;
		int doinc = B_FALSE;
		int amtextra = 0;

		f = retflag[i];
		if (f->val[2] == NA) {
			amtextra = real_roll(f->text, wantmax); // addition
		} else {
			amtextra = f->val[2];
		}
		if ((f->val[0] == NA) || (f->val[0] == *damtype)) {
			// addition to the first one
			damwhere = dam;
			damtypewhere = damtype;
			*(damwhere) += amtextra; // addition
		} else {
			// add a new damtype
			damwhere = (dam + *ndam);
			damtypewhere = (damtype + *ndam);
			doinc = B_TRUE;
			*(damwhere) = amtextra; // set
			*(damtypewhere) = f->val[0];
		}

		if ((f->lifetime == FROMOBEQUIP) ||
		    (f->lifetime == FROMOBHOLD) ||
		    (f->lifetime == FROMOBACTIVATE) ) {
			object_t *obfrom;
			obfrom = findobbyid(lf->pack, f->obfrom);
			if (obfrom) {
				int bonusdam = 0;
				sumflags(obfrom->flags, F_BONUS, &bonusdam, NULL, NULL);
				*(damwhere) += bonusdam;
			}
		}

		if (doinc) {
			(*ndam)++;
		}
	}
	return *dam;
}

int getextradamwep(object_t *wep, int *dam, enum DAMTYPE *damtype, int *ndam, int fordisplay) {
	flag_t *f;
	int i;
	flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
	int nretflags = 0;
	lifeform_t *owner;
	owner = wep->pile->owner;


	if (owner && lfhasflag(owner, F_PHANTASM)) {
		return *dam;
	}


	// weapons like cattle prod deal extra damage if they have charges left
	f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_EXTRADAMWITHCHARGES);
	if (f) {
		int charges;
		charges = getcharges(wep);
		if (fordisplay && !chargesknown(wep)) {
			// ie don't display the extra damage
			charges = 0;
		}
		if ((f->val[2] == IFACTIVE) && !isactivated(wep) ) {
			charges = 0;
		}
		if (charges > 0) {
			if (!fordisplay) {
				// use up a charge
				usecharge(wep);
			}
			// deal extra damage of the given type
			*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll(f->text, fordisplay);
			*(damtype + *ndam) = f->val[0];
			(*ndam)++;
		}
	}



	// enchanted weapons only deal magic damage if the user has remaining mp.
	if (owner && owner->mp) {
		f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_ENCHANTED);
		if (f) {
			if (strlen(f->text)) {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll(f->text, fordisplay);
			} else {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll("1d2", fordisplay);  // default: 1d2 extra damage
			}
			*(damtype + *ndam) = DT_MAGIC;
			(*ndam)++;
		}
	}

	getflags(wep->flags, retflag, &nretflags, F_EXTRADAM, F_FROZEN, F_ONFIRE, F_NONE);
	for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
		f = retflag[i];

		if (f->id == F_EXTRADAM) {
			int *damwhere;
			int *damtypewhere;
			int doinc = B_FALSE;

			if ((f->val[0] == NA) || (f->val[0] == *damtype)) {
				// addition to the first one
				damwhere = dam;
				damtypewhere = damtype;
				*(damwhere) += real_roll(f->text, fordisplay); // addition
			} else {
				// add a new damtype
				damwhere = (dam + *ndam);
				damtypewhere = (damtype + *ndam);
				doinc = B_TRUE;
				*(damwhere) = real_roll(f->text, fordisplay); // set
				*(damtypewhere) = f->val[0];
			}

			if (doinc) {
				(*ndam)++;
			}
		}

		if (f->id == F_ONFIRE) {
			if (strlen(f->text)) {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll(f->text, fordisplay);
			} else {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll("1d4", fordisplay);
			}
			*(damtype + *ndam) = DT_FIRE;
			(*ndam)++;
		} else if (f->id == F_HOT) {
			if (strlen(f->text)) {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll(f->text, fordisplay);
			} else {
				*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll("1d2", fordisplay);
			}
			*(damtype + *ndam) = DT_HEAT;
			(*ndam)++;
		} else if (f->id == F_FROZEN) {
			*(dam + *ndam) = real_roll("1d4", fordisplay);
			*(damtype + *ndam) = DT_COLD;
			(*ndam)++;
		}
	}
	return *dam;
}

// if damflag isn't passed in, it will be taken from the object
void getdamrange(object_t *o, flag_t *f, int *min, int *max) {
	int mindam,maxdam;

	if (!f) {
		f = hasflag(o->flags, F_DAM);
	}

	if (f) {
		if (hasflag(o->flags, F_MASTERWORK)) {
			// 85%-100%
			mindam = pctof(85,f->val[1]);
			maxdam = f->val[1];
		} else if (hasflag(o->flags, F_SHODDY)) {
			// 25% - 75%
			mindam = pctof(25, f->val[1]);
			maxdam = pctof(75, f->val[1]);
		} else {
			// 50%-100%
			mindam = f->val[1] / 2;
			maxdam = f->val[1];
		}
	} else {
		// TODO wepaon does damage based on weight
		mindam = 0;
		maxdam = 0;
	}


	limit(&mindam, 0, NA);
	limit(&maxdam, mindam, NA);

	if (min) *min = mindam;
	if (max) *max = maxdam;
}


// roll for damage
int getdamroll(object_t *o, lifeform_t *victim, flag_t *damflag) {
	int dam;
	int bonusdam = 0;
	flag_t *f;
	lifeform_t *owner;
	owner = o->pile->owner;

	if (owner && lfhasflag(owner, F_PHANTASM)) {
		return 0;
	}

	if (damflag) {
		int min,max;
		getdamrange(o, damflag, &min, &max);
		dam = rnd(min,max);
		if (isblessed(o)) {
			int dam2;
			// blessed weapons get two rolls, and take the best
			dam2 = rnd(min,max);
			if (dam2 > dam) dam = dam2;
		} else if (iscursed(o)) {
			int dam2;
			// cursed weapons get two rolls, and take the worst
			dam2 = rnd(min,max);
			if (dam2 < dam) dam = dam2;
		}
	} else {
		// TODO weapon does bashing damage based on weight
		dam = rnd(1,2);
	}

	// modify for bonus
	sumflags(o->flags, F_BONUS, &bonusdam, NULL, NULL);
	dam += bonusdam;

	if (dam < 0) dam = 0;

	// special effects ?
	f = hasflag(o->flags, F_BALANCE);
	if (f) {
		if (owner && victim) {
			float ratio;
			ratio = (float)owner->maxhp / (float)victim->maxhp;

			if (ratio >= 1.25) {
				// heals instead!
				dam = -dam;
			} else if (ratio <= 0.75) {
				// extra dam!
				dam = (int) ((float)dam * ratio);
			}
		}
	}

	if (victim) {
		if (hasbleedinginjury(victim, BP_BODY)) {
			if (willbleedfrom(victim, BP_BODY)) {
				// extra damage
				dam += rnd(1,2);
			}
		}
	}

	if (o->pile->owner) {
		int pct;
		sumflags(o->pile->owner->flags, F_MELEEDAMPCT, &pct, NULL, NULL);
		if (pct != 0) {
			dam = pctof(pct, dam);
		}
	}
	return dam;
}

// returns amt of hp to modify damage by. (in range -3 to 3)
int getstrdammod(lifeform_t *lf) {
	int mod = 0;
	int base;

	base = getattr(lf, A_STR);
	if ((base >= 45) && (base <= 60)) {
		mod = 0;
	} else if (base > 60) {
		base -= 60; // ie. 0 - 40

		mod = base / 13;
	} else { // ie. 0 through 44
		base = 45 - base;
		mod = -(base / 12);
	}
	return mod;
}


int armourcanstopdam(enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	switch (damtype) {
		case DT_PIERCE:
		case DT_SLASH:
		case DT_BASH:
		case DT_BITE:
		case DT_CHOP:
		case DT_PROJECTILE:
		case DT_UNARMED:
		case DT_ACID:
		case DT_EXPLOSIVE:
		case DT_MAGIC:
		case DT_CRUSH:
			return B_TRUE;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

// ie. caused by hitting something with a melee weapon
int ismeleedam(enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	switch (damtype) {
		case DT_PIERCE:
		case DT_SLASH:
		case DT_BASH:
		case DT_BITE:
		case DT_CHOP:
		case DT_PROJECTILE:
		case DT_UNARMED:
		case DT_CRUSH:
			return B_TRUE;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

int iskineticdam(enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	switch (damtype) {
		case DT_BASH:
		case DT_BITE:
		case DT_CHOP:
		case DT_CRUSH:
		case DT_EXPLOSIVE:
		case DT_FALL:
		case DT_PIERCE:
		case DT_PROJECTILE:
		case DT_SLASH:
		case DT_UNARMED:
			return B_TRUE;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}


int isphysicaldam(enum DAMTYPE damtype) {
	switch (damtype) {
		case DT_BASH:
		case DT_BITE:
		case DT_CHOP:
		case DT_COLD:
		case DT_CRUSH:
		case DT_ELECTRIC:
		case DT_EXPLOSIVE:
		case DT_FALL:
		case DT_FIRE:
		case DT_MAGIC:
		case DT_PIERCE:
		case DT_PROJECTILE:
		case DT_SLASH:
		case DT_UNARMED:
			return B_TRUE;
		default:
			break;
	}
	return B_FALSE;
}

// 'howmuch' is the amount to adjust 'val' by for every size bracket
// difference.
//
// how can be M_PCT (adjust by this val% per size bracket)
// how can be M_VAL (adjust by this number per size bracket)
//
// if lf is bigger than victim, ADD howmuch.
// if lf is smaller than victim, SUBTRACT howmuch.
void modifyforsize(int *val, lifeform_t *lf, lifeform_t *victim, int howmuch, enum MODTYPE how) {
	enum LFSIZE szlf,szvictim;

	assert(val);

	szlf = getlfsize(lf);
	szvictim = getlfsize(victim);
	if (szvictim < szlf) {
		// if defender is smaller...
		if (how == M_VAL) {
			// +howmuch per size difference
			*val += (howmuch * (szlf - szvictim));
		} else {
			// +(howmuch*sizediff)% of original value
			*val += (pctof(howmuch * (szlf - szvictim), *val));
		}
	} else if (szvictim > szlf) {
		// if defender is bigger...
		if (how == M_VAL) {
			// -howmuch per size difference
			*val -= (howmuch * (szvictim - szlf));
		} else {
			// +(howmuch*sizediff)% of original value
			*val -= (pctof(howmuch * (szlf - szvictim), *val));
		}
	}
}

// returns true if we hit.  also sets 'critical' if passed
int rolltohit(lifeform_t *lf, lifeform_t *victim, object_t *wep, int *critical, int *fumble, int *missby) {
	int acc,baseacc,ev;
	int gothit = B_FALSE;
	enum SKILLLEVEL lorelev = PR_INEPT;
	flag_t *f;
	int db = B_FALSE;
	char lfname[BUFLEN];
	char vicname[BUFLEN];
	int critpossible = B_TRUE;

	if (lfhasflag(lf, F_DEBUG)) db = B_TRUE;
	real_getlfname(lf, lfname, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_CURRACE);
	real_getlfname(victim, vicname, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_CURRACE);

	if (db) dblog("%s: rolling to hit %s", lfname, vicname);

	// default
	if (critical) *critical = 0;
	if (fumble) *fumble = B_FALSE;
	if (missby) *missby = 0;

	if (lf && lfhasflag(lf, F_NOGIVECRITS)) {
		critpossible = B_FALSE;
	} else if (victim && lfhasflag(victim, F_NOTAKECRITS)) {
		critpossible = B_FALSE;
	}

	// anticipate action spell?
	if (lfhasflagval(victim, F_ANTICIPATE, lf->id, NA, NA, NULL)) {
		if (db) dblog("%s: victim has anticipate action - MISS.", lfname);
		return B_FALSE;
	}

	// remember lore about victim...
	lorelev = getlorelevel(lf, victim->race->raceclass->id);

	f = lfhasflag(lf, F_TRUESTRIKE);
	if (f) {
		if (f->val[0] > 1) {
			f->val[0]--;
		} else {
			killflag(f);
		}
		gothit = B_TRUE;
		if (db) dblog("%s: we have truestrike - HIT.", lfname);
	} else if (critical && *critical && critpossible) {
		// critical already set = forced critical
		gothit = B_TRUE;
		if (db) dblog("%s: pre-determined critical - HIT.", lfname);
	} else {
		int myroll;
		int reachpenalty = 0;
		int vicheight = 0;
		// actually roll...
		baseacc = getlfaccuracy(lf, wep);
		acc = baseacc;

		if (db) dblog("%s: base accuracy: %d", lfname, baseacc);

		// size difference (penalty for attacking smaller ones)
		modifyforsize(&acc, lf, victim, -5, M_VAL);
		if (db) dblog("%s: modified for victim size -> %d", lfname, acc);

		// easier to hit victims who are prone.
		if (isprone(victim)) {
			acc += 30;
			if (db) dblog("%s: +30 for prone victim -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}

		if (lfhasflag(lf, F_AIMEDSTRIKE)) {
			acc -= 20;
			if (db) dblog("%s: -20 for aimed strike -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}

		// easier to hit things which have grabbed you
		if (lfhasflagval(lf, F_GRABBEDBY, victim->id, NA, NA, NULL)) {
			acc += 30;
			if (db) dblog("%s: +30 as victim is holding us -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}
		// MUCH easier to hit things which you have grabbed
		if (lfhasflagval(lf, F_GRABBING, victim->id, NA, NA, NULL)) {
			acc += 50;
			if (db) dblog("%s: +50 as we are holding victim -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}

		if (wep && (getcelldist(lf->cell, victim->cell) <= 1)) {
			f = hasflag(wep->flags, F_ADJACCMOD);
			if (f) {
				acc += f->val[0];
				if (db) dblog("%s: %s%d for weapon adjacency modifier -> %d", lfname,
					(f->val[0] < 0) ? "" : "+", f->val[0], acc);
			}
		}

		if (!canreach(lf, victim, &reachpenalty)) {
			acc -= (10*reachpenalty);
			if (db) dblog("%s: -%d reach penalty -> %d", lfname, (10*reachpenalty), acc);
		}

		// modify for defender's evasion
		if (canevade(victim, lf)) {
			ev = getevasion(victim);
		} else {
			ev = 0;
		}

		acc -= ev;
		if (db) dblog("%s: minus victim's modified evasion (%d) -> %d", lfname, ev, acc);

		// modify if victim is flying and we're not
		if (isairborne(victim,&vicheight)) {
			if (!isairborne(lf, NULL)) {
				acc -= (5 * vicheight);
			}
		}

		// modify if we can't see the victim
		if (!cansee(lf, victim)) {
			acc -= 30;
			if (db) dblog("%s: -30 for not being able to see victim -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}
		// metal weapon versus magnetic shield?
		if (lfhasflag(victim, F_MAGSHIELD) && ismetal(wep->material->id)) {
			acc -= 45;
			if (db) dblog("%s: -45 for metal weapon vs magshield -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}
		// victim immobile or asleep?
		if (isimmobile(victim) || lfhasflag(victim, F_EATING)) {
			acc += 50;
			if (db) dblog("%s: +50 for immobile victim -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}
		// modify for lore level
		if (lorelev != PR_INEPT) {
			acc += (lorelev*10);
			if (db) dblog("%s: +%d for knowledge about victim's race -> %d", lfname, lorelev*10, acc);
		}

		// modify for attacking while climbing
		if (isclimbing(lf) && !lfhasflag(lf, F_SPIDERCLIMB)) {
			switch (getskill(lf, SK_CLIMBING)) {
				case PR_INEPT: acc -= 50; break;
				case PR_NOVICE: acc -= 50; break;
				case PR_BEGINNER: acc -= 30; break;
				case PR_ADEPT: acc -= 20; break;
				case PR_SKILLED: acc -= 10; break;
				case PR_EXPERT: acc -= 5; break;
				default:
				case PR_MASTER: break;
			}
			if (db) dblog("%s: modified for attacking while climbing -> %d", lfname, acc);
		}

		limit(&acc, 0, 100);

		if (db) dblog("%s: FINAL ACCURACY: %d%%", lfname, acc);
		if (db) {
			msg("%s vs. %s - %d%% hit chance", lfname, vicname, acc);
		}
		//if (aidb) dblog(".oO { my modified chance to hit is %d %% }", acc);
		myroll = rnd(1,100);
		if (myroll <= acc) {
			gothit = B_TRUE;
		} else {
			gothit = B_FALSE;
			if (missby) *missby = myroll - acc;
		}
	}

	// critical chance
	if (critical && gothit && critpossible) {
		if (lfhasflag(lf, F_AIMEDSTRIKE)) {
			*critical = 1;
		} else {
			int critroll;
			int minroll = 1;
			critroll = rnd(1,100);

			// modify for lore level > pr_novice
			if (lorelev > PR_NOVICE) {
				int lorebonus;
				lorebonus = ((lorelev-1)*5); // ie. up to 25% bonus
				critroll -= lorebonus;
			}


			if (isplayer(lf)) {
				f = lfhasflag(lf, F_MINCRITCHANCE);
				if (f) {
					minroll = f->val[0];
				}
			}
			limit(&critroll, minroll, 100);

			if (critroll <= getcritchance(lf, wep,victim)) *critical = 1;
		}
	}

	if (fumble && !gothit) {
		if (isexhausted(lf) || (baseacc <= 60) || !getweaponskill(lf, wep)) {
			int nfailed = 0, i;
			int nrolls = 1;
			int newacc;
			if (getskill(lf, SK_COMBAT) >= PR_BEGINNER) {
				newacc = pctof(150, baseacc);
			} else {
				newacc = baseacc;
			}
			// chance to fumble
			// if you miss, make more attack rolls. if you fail
			// all of them, you fumble..
			for (i = 0; i < nrolls; i++) {
				if (!pctchance(newacc)) nfailed++;
			}
			if (nfailed >= nrolls) {
				*fumble = B_TRUE;
				if (missby) *missby = 100;
			}
		}
	}

	return gothit;
}

void wepeffects(flagpile_t *fp, cell_t *where, flag_t *damflag, int dam, int isunarmed) {
	flag_t *f;
	lifeform_t *victim;
	lifeform_t *owner = NULL;
	object_t *wep;
	int i;
	flag_t *retflag[MAXCANDIDATES];
	int nretflags = 0;
	char frombuf[BUFLEN];

	if (!where) return;

	wep = fp->ob;
	if (wep && isdeadob(wep)) wep = NULL;

	if (wep) {
		cell_t *c;
		c = getoblocation(wep);
		if (c && c->lf) {
			owner = c->lf;
		}
	} else {
		owner = fp->owner;
	}
	victim = where->lf;

	// calculate 'frombuf' string
	strcpy(frombuf, "something unknown");
	if (wep) {
		if (owner) {
			char lfname[BUFLEN];
			char wepname[BUFLEN];
			getlfnamea(owner, lfname);
			getobname(wep, wepname, 1);
			// ie. "a goblin's poisoned short sword"
			snprintf(frombuf, BUFLEN, "%s%s %s",lfname,getpossessive(lfname), wepname);
		} else {
			char wepname[BUFLEN];
			getobname(wep, wepname, 1);
			// ie "a poisoned short sword"
			snprintf(frombuf, BUFLEN, "%s", wepname);
		}
	} else {
		if (owner) {
			real_getlfname(owner, frombuf, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_REALRACE);
		} else {
			strcpy(frombuf, "something unknown");
		}
	}

	getflags(fp, retflag, &nretflags, F_AUTOTANGLE, F_DRAINONHIT, F_DRAINATTONHIT, F_FLAMESTRIKE, F_HEAVYBLOW, F_HITCONFER,
					F_RACESLAY, F_REVENGE, F_RUSTED, F_NONE);
	for (i = 0; i < nretflags; i++) {
		f = retflag[i];
		if ((f->id == F_AUTOTANGLE) && victim && !isdead(victim)) {
			if (pctchance(f->val[0]) && !hasob(where->obpile, OT_VINE)) {
				dospelleffects(owner, OT_S_ENTANGLE, f->val[1], victim, NULL, where, B_UNCURSED,
					NULL, B_FALSE, NULL);
				if (haslos(player, where)) {
					f->known = B_KNOWN;
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_DRAINONHIT) && victim && !isdead(victim)) {
			if (!leveldrain(victim, f->val[0], f->val[1], f->val[2], owner)) {
				if (strlen(f->text)) {
					gainhp(owner, roll(f->text));
					if (haslos(player, where)) {
						f->known = B_KNOWN;
					}
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_DRAINATTONHIT) && victim && !isdead(victim)) {
			int amt;
			amt = roll(f->text);
			statdrain(victim, f->val[0], amt, f->val[1], f->val[2], owner);
			if (haslos(player, where)) {
				f->known = B_KNOWN;
			}
		} else if (f->id == F_FLAMESTRIKE) {
			if (!hasob(where->obpile, OT_FIRESMALL)) {
				// ignite
				addobfast(where->obpile, OT_FIRESMALL);
				// announce
				if (haslos(player, where)) {
					msg("^wA burst of fire erupts from the ground!");
					f->known = B_KNOWN;
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_RACESLAY) && victim && !isdead(victim) && (getraceclass(victim) == f->val[0])) {
			char ownername[BUFLEN];
			char wepname[BUFLEN];
			char damstring[BUFLEN];
			if (haslos(player, where)) {
				char vname[BUFLEN];
				getlfname(victim, vname);
				msg("^wA pulse of lethal power blasts %s!", vname);
				f->known = B_KNOWN;
			}
			real_getlfname(owner, ownername, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_REALRACE);
			getobname(wep, wepname, 1);
			snprintf(damstring, BUFLEN, "%s%s %s",ownername, getpossessive(ownername), wepname);
			losehp(victim, dam*3, DT_DIRECT, owner, damstring);
		} else if ((f->id == F_REVENGE) && victim && !isdead(victim)) {
			if (dam) { // only works if we did damage
				lifeform_t *owner;
				owner = wep->pile->owner;
				if (owner && victim) {
					float ratio;
					float dampct;
					int maxdam;
					int extradam;
					// figure out hp percentage
					ratio = 1.0 - ((float)owner->hp / (float)owner->maxhp);
					dampct = (ratio * 100); // ie. lower hp% = higher dampct

					if (dampct >= 50) {
						getdamrange(wep, NULL, NULL, &maxdam);
						extradam = (int)((dampct/100) * (float)maxdam);
						if (extradam > 0) {
							char buf[BUFLEN];
							char buf2[BUFLEN];
							char obname[BUFLEN];
							char damstring[BUFLEN];
							char victimname[BUFLEN];
							getlfname(owner, buf);
							real_getlfname(owner, buf2, NULL, B_SHOWALL, B_REALRACE);
							getlfname(victim, victimname);
							getobname(wep, obname, 1);

							// announce
							if (isplayer(owner)) {
								msg("^wYour %s blasts %s!",noprefix(obname),victimname);
								f->known = B_TRUE;
							} else if (cansee(player, owner)) {
								msg("^w%s%s %s blasts %s!",buf, getpossessive(buf),noprefix(obname),victimname);
								f->known = B_TRUE;
							}

							snprintf(damstring, BUFLEN, "%s%s blast of revenge",buf2, getpossessive(buf2));
							losehp(victim, extradam, DT_DIRECT, owner, damstring);
						}
					} // end if dampct > 50
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_HEAVYBLOW) && victim && owner) {
			int dir;
			int chance;
			// lifeform flag works all the time. object flag only works sometimes.
			if (wep) chance = 33;
				else chance = 100;
			if (pctchance(chance)) {
				// knock back victim
				dir = getdirtowards(owner->cell, victim->cell, victim, B_FALSE, DT_COMPASS);
				knockback(victim, dir , 2, owner, 110, B_DOANNOUNCE, B_DODAM);
				if (cansee(player, owner)) {
					f->known = B_TRUE;
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_HITCONFER) && victim ) {
			// only works if we did damage
			enum FLAG fid;
			int howlong;
			char *ftext;
			flag_t *valflag = NULL;

			fid = f->val[0];
			ftext = f->text;

			// hitconfer from owner can't be conferred if this was a weapon attack
			// ie. if something has poisonous claws and hits you with a weapon, you
			// don't get poisoned.
			if (fp->owner && !isunarmed) {
				continue;
			}

			// sometimes we can only hitconfer against certain races
			if (hasflag(fp, F_HITCONFERRC)) {
				if (!hasflagval(fp, F_HITCONFERRC, getraceclass(victim), NA, NA, NULL)) {
					continue;
				}
			}
			if (hasflag(fp, F_HITCONFERDEADONLY)) {
				if (!isdead(victim)) {
					continue;
				}
			}

			// the f_poisoned flag stacks, others don't.
			if (!lfhasflag(victim, fid) || (fid == F_POISONED)) {
				int passedcheck = B_FALSE;
				// do they get a saving throw?
				if (f->val[1] != NA) {
					int scdiff;
					if (f->val[2] == NA) {
						scdiff = 100; // default
					} else {
						scdiff = f->val[2];
					}
					if (skillcheck(victim, f->val[1], scdiff, 0)) {
						passedcheck = B_TRUE;
					}
				}

				if (!passedcheck) {
					howlong = gethitconferlifetime(f->text, NULL, NULL);

					// get conferred flag values
					valflag = hasflag(f->pile, F_HITCONFERVALS);

					if (fid == F_POISONED) {
						// defaults - need to fill in the name of what poisoned us
						enum POISONTYPE ptype = P_VENOM;
						int ppower = 1;

						assert(valflag);
						ptype = valflag->val[0];
						if (valflag->val[1] == NA) {
							ppower = 1;
						} else {
							ppower = valflag->val[1];
						}

						if (!wep && strlen(ftext)) {
							strcpy(frombuf, ftext);
						} else if (ptype == P_LYCANTHROPY) {
							char *p;
							// special case - we need to remember what kind of
							// creature to change into.  since lycanthropy isn't fatal
							// as such we can use the 'what caused you damage' field for
							// this information
							p = readuntil(frombuf, valflag->text, '^');
							readuntil(frombuf, p, '^');
						}

						poison(victim, howlong, ptype, ppower, frombuf, owner ? owner->race->id : R_NONE, B_FALSE);
					} else if (fid == F_ASLEEP) {
						fallasleep(victim, ST_ASLEEP, howlong);
					} else {
						// flag values
						if (valflag) {
							addtempflag(victim->flags, fid, valflag->val[0], valflag->val[1], valflag->val[2], valflag->text, howlong);
						} else {
							addtempflag(victim->flags, fid, NA, NA, NA, NULL, howlong);
						}
					}
				} // end if passedcheck
			} // end (if victim doesn't already have the flag)

			// was this from a poisoned weapon?  if so the poison vanishes
			if ((f->val[0] == F_POISONED) && (f->lifetime == FROMOBMOD)) {
				killflag(f);
				if (owner && isplayer(owner)) {
					addflag(owner->flags, F_USEDPOISON, B_TRUE, NA, NA, NULL);
				}
			}
		} else if ((f->id == F_RUSTED) && victim && !isdead(victim) ) {
			int pct;
			pct = f->val[0] * 10;
			if (pctchance(pct)) {
				poison(victim, PERMENANT, P_TETANUS, 1, frombuf, owner ? owner->race->id : R_NONE, B_FALSE);
			}

		} // end if (fid == xxx)
	}

	if (wep && owner && victim) {
		enum DRAINTYPE draintype = DR_NONE;
		flag_t *vampflag;
		vampflag = lfhasflag(owner, F_VAMPIRIC);
		if ((wep->type->id == OT_TEETH) && vampflag &&
			((vampflag->val[0] == B_TRUE) || islowhp(victim))
			) {
			draintype = DR_FROMBITE;
		} else if (hasflag(wep->flags, F_VAMPIRIC)) {
			draintype = DR_FROMWEP;
		}

		if (draintype && !isimmuneto(victim->flags, DT_NECROTIC, B_FALSE)) {
			int hpgain;
			// drain life!
			if (isresistantto(victim->flags, DT_NECROTIC, B_FALSE)) {
				hpgain = dam;
			}  else {
				hpgain = (dam/2);
			}
			if (hpgain && (owner->hp < owner->maxhp)) {
				gainhp(owner, hpgain);
				if (draintype == DR_FROMBITE) {
					if (isplayer(owner)) {
						char lfname[BUFLEN];
						char victimname[BUFLEN];
						getlfname(owner,lfname);
						getlfname(victim, victimname);
						msg("You suck %s%s blood!", victimname, getpossessive(victimname));
					} else if (cansee(player, owner)) {
						char lfname[BUFLEN];
						char victimname[BUFLEN];
						getlfname(owner,lfname);
						getlfname(victim, victimname);
						msg("%s sucks %s%s blood!", lfname, victimname, getpossessive(victimname));
					}
				} else {
					if (isplayer(owner)) {
						msg("Life force surges into you!");
					}
				}
			}
		}

	}
}